NURS 6050 Week 11 Assignments

The US Institute of Health (IOM) defines the mission of public health as, “fulfilling society’s interest in assuring conditions in which people can be healthy”. Additionally, in the Dictionary of epidemiology (2001) public health is defined as, “one of the efforts to protect, promote and restore the people’s health. It is the combination of sciences, skills, and beliefs that is directed to the maintenance and improvement of the health of all people through collective or social actions” (Koplan, Bond, Merson, Reddy, Rodriquez, Sewankambo, & Wasserheit., 2009)NURS 6050 Week 11 Assignments

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Providing adequate healthcare in underdeveloped countries is a very difficult task faced with almost overwhelming obstacles. The ability to reach those in poverty, ill health and distrust takes a lot of labor. This day in age, as in the past, there are many hurdles constraining the reach of care to underdeveloped countries. The first hurdle to overcome the inadequacies is financial assistance. The World’s Bank estimates the cost to reach the Millennium Development Goals by 2015 is going to cost $40-$60 billion a year (Devarajan, Miller, & Swanson). The question is; who is going to pay this huge debt? Devarajan et al., explains that by reducing poverty we can achieve multiple goals. Poverty is associated with multiple public health disparities, such as infant mortality and poor public health as a collective. Reducing the poverty level will not only reduce infant mortality rates, as parents will be able to afford better pre and post birth care, but also reduce dependency expenses of other nations.
Reducing poverty in underdeveloped countries requires a huge economic plan. Devarajan et al., states in order for countries to benefit fully from multilateral trade they need to take advantage of market access. They will require large investments to create infrastructure that will boost transportation, telecommunications, customs, tax administration and better management of overall public investments. Devarajan et al., explains that these key elements are vital to reducing trade barriers, stimulating growth and reducing global poverty in underdeveloped countries.
A second hurdle to reducing diseases in the poor is to gain pharmaceutical support.NURS 6050 Week 11 Assignments Gaining the cooperation and support of large pharmaceutical agencies is vital to reducing health disparities. Pharmaceutical companies are notaries for not sharing their gross profit with the public, the according the 1999 edition of The Nation the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufactures of America (PhRMA) claimed to have set a goal of $24 billion of research to “set every last disease of the path to extinction”. nurs 6050 Essay Assignments Obviously $24 billion is a huge loss of investment, and in turn, most businesses would not toss away $24 billion in earnings if they did not have at least double that much to lose, and if they did not have a plan to earn it back in a short amount of time. To put it further into perspective, $24 billion is approximately half the cost the World’s Bank estimates it would take to reach the Millennium Development Goals yearly. Unfortunately, pharmaceutical companies have adopted a less humanistic approach when it comes to saving lives. The New York Times addresses this concern rather abruptly by saying “drug companies can’t seem to roll out fast enough. They have absolutely nothing to do with matters of life and death. They are what have come to be called lifestyle drugs—remedies that may one day free the world from the scourge of toenail fungus, obesity, baldness, face wrinkles and impotence. The market for such drugs is worth billions of dollars per year.” On the down side, a recent survey of the 24 largest drug companies found that not even one maintains a research program for malaria.NURS 6050 Week 11 Assignments
Increasing pharmaceutical cooperation support comes down to one main hurdle, and that is finances. It is without doubt very expensive to research new, and existing, medications for market. Forbes.com reports that in now costs five billion dollars to create a new drug. A company hoping to market one single drug can expect to spend $350 million before the drug is even available for commercial sale (Desmond-Hellmann, 2013). nurs 6050 Essay Assignments
So the question remains, who is going to pay? One such way to reduce costs for research is to persuade pharmaceutical companies to combine efforts. Companies now a days are worried for their bottom dollar. As mentioned before, it is very expensive to develop new drugs, but persuading companies to work cooperatively can help to reduce costs and combine research to have quicker delivery of drugs with minimal research and development debt. Additionally, subsidizing expensive cost with government grants to those companies working on drugs to reduce worldwide disparities, especially those in underdeveloped countries would help to relive the burden of cost for pharmaceutical companies, large and small.
Advocating at the Global Level
The International Council of Nurses (ICN) believe that nurses are key to improving access to quality and cost-effective care and enhancing the health of populations. Every year the ICN celebrates International Nurses Day and provides resource kits to share with nurses and the general public (2012). The ICN is a federation of national nursing associations that enables nurses to speak as one to influence health policy. Using the ICN nurses from all countries can coordinate actions and interact closely with patients, families and populations in a variety of environments. Supporting and joining the ICN is an excellent way to advocate at the global level. One nurse can collaborate with millions of members from across the world sponsor concerns as a collective. Every year the ICN presents a strong delegation at the annual World Health Assembly in Geneva Switzerland. This assembly allows nursing concerns to be heard and addressed in an open forum. These voices subsequently are the “seeds of the policies that will be developed and implemented in various countries” (Benton, 2012). NURS 6050 Week 11 Assignments Nurses make excellent advocates as they are skilled in various expertise from policy development, cost constraints and health delivery. They are in positions to offer advice on polices to improve the health of underdeveloped, as well as developed, nations. nurs 6050 Essay Assignments NURS 6050 Week 11 Assignments