Case-Study: Chronic Heart Failure Essay

The American Cancer Society (ACS) is a nationwide, community-based, voluntary health organization dedicated to eliminating cancer as a major health problem. Together with its supporters, ACS is committed to helping people stay well and get well by finding cures and by fighting back.Case-Study: Chronic Heart Failure Essay

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Critical Thinking Questions:

Imagine that a family friend or colleague has just been diagnosed with cancer. Explain how the American Cancer Society might provide education and support. What ACS services would you recommend and why?
According to statistics published by the American Cancer Society, there will be an estimated 1.5 million new cancer cases diagnosed each year over the next decade. What factors contribute to the yearly incidence and mortality rates of various cancers in Americans? What changes in policy and practice are most likely to affect these figures over time
Select a research program from among those funded by the American Cancer Society. Describe the program and discuss what impact the research will have on the prevention or treatment of cancer.Case-Study: Chronic Heart Failure Essay

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Use a standard 10 to 12 point (10 to 12 characters per inch) typeface. Smaller or compressed type and papers with small margins or single-spacing are hard to read. It is better to let your essay run over the recommended number of pages than to try to compress it into fewer pages.Case-Study: Chronic Heart Failure Essay

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The paper must be neatly formatted, double-spaced with a one-inch margin on the top, bottom, and sides of each page. When submitting hard copy, be sure to use white paper and print out using dark ink. If it is hard to read your essay, it will also be hard to follow your argument.

Congestive Heart Failure – Case Study

Pathophysiology – BSRN – 420
Instructors: October 10, 2010

Report on Congestive Heart Failure

The heart is a muscle, the most important one in the body. It works like a pump; it receives blood from the body and pumps the blood into the lungs, where it receives oxygen. This oxygen rich blood is then pumped out in to the body system to nourish the body. Congestive heart failure occurs when this pumping action is impaired, and the heart cannot pump enough blood to meet the body’s needs. When the heart cannot pump out the blood it receives, excess fluid may back up into the lungs and other body tissues. Case-Study: Chronic Heart Failure Essay
After picking up oxygen, the blood travels back to the heart through the pulmonary veins into the left atrium, to the left ventricle and out to the body’s tissues through the aorta.” (Google, Health, 2010, pg. 1) “Some patients with heart failure have no symptoms. In these people, the symptoms may develop only with these conditions: • Abnormal heart rhythm (arrhythmias) • Anemia • Hyperthyroidism • Infections with high fever • Kidney disease (Google Health, 2010, pg.1) Risk factors for congestive heart failure include advancing age, as heart failure is the most common reason for hospitalization in the elderly, and as the population ages, the incidence of heart failure is rising dramatically. The positive aspect of this is that people with congestive heart failure are living longer. Sex or gender is another risk factor, as men are at higher risk for heart failure than women. African American’s are at higher risk for heart failure than Caucasians. Genetics and family history of early heart failure Caused by cadiomyopathies (diseases that damage the heart muscle), may predispose people to this disease. Chronic alcohol abuse can damage the heart muscles, can cause hypertension, and may cause cardiomyopathy. Moderate alcohol consumption, on the other hand, may protect people from heart failure. Case-Study: Chronic Heart Failure Essay

Heart failure is a common condition affecting about half a million Australians. It is associated with high morbidity and mortality, frequent hospitalisation and massive cost to the health care system.1 Although epidemiological data on heart failure in Australia are scant, there is some evidence that pharmacological and other therapies have made inroads into reducing hospitalisation rates.2

Heart failure manifests in many forms, including acute decompensation, frequently resulting in hospital admission; chronic systolic heart failure (ie, impaired contractile function); and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFPEF), an impairment of relaxation. There is also a subclinical population who have evidence of systolic or diastolic dysfunction but have not yet developed clinical symptoms. This group is at high risk of developing symptomatic heart failure and is therefore a target for early detection and preventive strategies.Case-Study: Chronic Heart Failure Essay

Here, we focus on the latest clinical information regarding heart failure management, particularly as it pertains to the general practitioner. The recommendations in this review closely follow those of the most recent National Heart Foundation of Australia and Cardiac Society of Australia and New Zealand Guidelines for the prevention, detection and management of chronic heart failure in Australia.1

Aetiology and diagnosis of heart failure
The aetiology of heart failure is most commonly that of an ischaemic event, primarily affecting the left ventricle.3 Non-ischaemic dilated cardiomyopathy may be idiopathic or secondary to hypertension, alcohol misuse, inflammation or drugs such as anthracyclines and trastuzumab. A small proportion of patients may have valvular heart disease, chronic arrhythmia, thyroid disease or HIV as the aetiological factor. Peripartum cardiomyopathy is a not infrequent presentation in young women with heart failure.Case-Study: Chronic Heart Failure Essay

Diagnosis of heart failure is often, but not always, made during a hospital presentation with new or worsened symptoms (see case study in Box 1). Diagnosis is based on typical signs and symptoms, together with objective testing. A beneficial symptomatic response to heart failure therapies may also support the diagnosis. Case-Study: Chronic Heart Failure Essay