Nursing Care Plan Based on Epidemiological Model Essay

The goal of such care is the prevention of disease and disability for all people through interventions designed for that specific population. This health needs assessment will be done surrounding Crawley in West Sussex. This author has been placed in this area for clinical experience. This author had a session of academic learning on health needs assessment and using this knowledge, the health needs assessment of this particular geographic area can be undertaken. West Sussex is geographically located in South England. The county of Sussex is divided into the East and West for geopolitical reasons. It is a county with diverse features and very popularly known to be the county hosting stately homes and castles. The government has protected these areas as countryside, which offers its residents walking and cycling tracks. Crawley and Worthing are the largest settlements, both of which are located along the south coast. Crawley has a population of 99,744. Crawley is the economic powerhouse of West Sussex, and it is the biggest settlement in West Sussex, and it is a new town as per the New Towns Act of 1946. Nursing Care Plan Based on Epidemiological Model Essay. Crawley is in expansion ever since it was a New Town that started with expansion which has been ever increasing, leading to a change from the peaceful countryside to a busy staging post on the London to Brighton Road. Now there are 13 neighborhoods of Crawley. Much of the town’s employment is derived from the demands of the Gatwick airport and the related travel industry. The town has plenty of open space including among others Tilgate Park, where there is a nature center including woodlands. It can now be termed as a bustling commercial center at a hugging connection on the A23 busy London-Brighton Road.

The word epidemiology comes from the Greek words epi, meaning on or upon, demos, meaning people, and logos, meaning the study of. In other words, the word epidemiology has its roots in the study of what befalls a population. Many definitions have been proposed, but the following definition captures the underlying principles and public health spirit of epidemiology:

Epidemiology is the study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states or events in specified populations, and the application of this study to the control of health problems (1).

Key terms in this definition reflect some of the important principles of epidemiology.

Study

Epidemiology is a scientific discipline with sound methods of scientific inquiry at its foundation. Epidemiology is data-driven and relies on a systematic and unbiased approach to the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data. Basic epidemiologic methods tend to rely on careful observation and use of valid comparison groups to assess whether what was observed, such as the number of cases of disease in a particular area during a particular time period or the frequency of an exposure among persons with disease, differs from what might be expected. However, epidemiology also draws on methods from other scientific fields, including biostatistics and informatics, with biologic, economic, social, and behavioral sciences. Nursing Care Plan Based on Epidemiological Model Essay.

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In fact, epidemiology is often described as the basic science of public health, and for good reason. First, epidemiology is a quantitative discipline that relies on a working knowledge of probability, statistics, and sound research methods. Second, epidemiology is a method of causal reasoning based on developing and testing hypotheses grounded in such scientific fields as biology, behavioral sciences, physics, and ergonomics to explain health-related behaviors, states, and events. However, epidemiology is not just a research activity but an integral component of public health, providing the foundation for directing practical and appropriate public health action based on this science and causal reasoning.(2)

Distribution

Epidemiology is concerned with the frequency and pattern of health events in a population:

Frequency refers not only to the number of health events such as the number of cases of meningitis or diabetes in a population, but also to the relationship of that number to the size of the population. The resulting rate allows epidemiologists to compare disease occurrence across different populations.

Pattern refers to the occurrence of health-related events by time, place, and person. Time patterns may be annual, seasonal, weekly, daily, hourly, weekday versus weekend, or any other breakdown of time that may influence disease or injury occurrence. Place patterns include geographic variation, urban/rural differences, and location of work sites or schools. Personal characteristics include demographic factors which may be related to risk of illness, injury, or disability such as age, sex, marital status, and socioeconomic status, as well as behaviors and environmental exposures. Nursing Care Plan Based on Epidemiological Model Essay.