Lymphatic, Chest, and Heart Essay

Submission Instructions:

Your initial post should be at least 300 words, formatted, and cited in proper current APA style with support from at least 2 academic sources. Your initial post is worth 8 points.
You should respond to at least two of your peers by extending, refuting/correcting, or adding additional nuance to their posts. Your reply posts are worth 2 points (1 point per response.) 
All replies must be constructive and use literature where possible.
Please post your initial response by 11:59 PM ET Thursday, and comment on the posts of two classmates by 11:59 PM ET Sunday.
You can expect feedback from the instructor within 48 to 72 hours from the Sunday due date.

Define Lymphedema

Lymphedema is an abnormal collection of protein-rich fluid at the interstitial space caused by a lymphatic blockage hence causing swelling on the arms or the legs.

What Is Elephantiasis?

Elephantiasis is a tropical parasitic infection that affects the lymph and vessels leading to swelling of the legs, arms, or genitalia (Kim, et al, 2020). It causes frequent bacteria skin infections which hardens and thickens the skin. Lymphatic, Chest, and Heart Essay.

The Differential Diagnosis Of Mumps Versus Cervical Adenitis.

Mumps is a viral infection affecting the salivary glands while cervical adenitis is the inflammation of lymph nodes of the neck. Differential diagnoses of cervical adenitis are dental abscess and otitis externa. A differential diagnosis of mumps is parotitis.

Thorax And Lungs

Definition And Example Of A Disease Where This Symptom Might Be Present

Dyspnea

Dyspnea is defined as shortness of breath or labored breathing. Dyspnea is a common presentation of a patient with an acute asthmatic attack. In an acute asthmatic attack, there are numerous secretions and inflammation of the airway that causes dyspnea.

Orthopnea

Orthopnea is defined as discomfort in breathing or shortness of breath when lying flat. Orthopnea is a common symptom of heart disease. it occurs due to an increase in blood pressure in the lung region. Patients suffering from heart failure usually have volume overload due to the heart’s inability to pump blood. Therefore, the patients experience episodes of orthopnea.

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Apnea

Apnea is a breathing disorder characterized by brief interruptions of breathing for about 20 seconds associated with bradycardia, cyanosis, pallor, and hypotonia, especially in infants. In preterm infants, it is caused by a relatively immature respiratory center.

Paroxysmal Nocturnal Dyspnea

Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea is defined as sudden shortness of breath during sleep. It is characterized by waking up at night to gasp for air or coughing. Lymphatic, Chest, and Heart Essay. It is a common symptom in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (Coniglio, et al, 2020).

Tachypnea

Tachypnea is abnormally rapid and shallow breathing. The breath rate is more than 20 cycles per minute in adults. It is a common symptom in patients with pneumonia. It is usually associated with the hotness of the body and coughing.

Bradypnea

Bradypnea is an abnormally slow breathing rate usually below 12 cycles per minute in adults. Patients with hypothyroidism experience episodes of bradycardia because the thyroid gland cannot produce enough hormones for optimal body metabolism.

Hyperpnea

Hyperpnea is abnormally rapid and deep breathing rate. It is a common symptom in patients with anemia. Anemia is associated with hyperpnea because the blood has decreased ability to transport oxygen.

Kussmaul Breathing

Kussmaul breathing is a deep, labored, and rapid breathing pattern usually as a sign of acidity of the body organs. It is a typical symptom in diabetic ketoacidosis to help in exhaling the excess carbon dioxide in the blood.

Periodic Breathing (Cheyne-Stokes)

Chyne stroke respiration is a disorder characterized by cyclical episodes of apnea and hyperventilation. It is common in congestive cardiac failure due to recurrent hypoxia and low cardiac output.

Cardiovascular System

The Location Of The Five Traditionally Designated Auscultatory Areas And Explain Why It Is Heard There

There are five important areas used for listening to the heart sounds. They are the aortic, pulmonary, tricuspid, mitral, and apex (Zenga, et al, 2020). Gallops are often heard at the apex of the heart. The mitral denotes the second heart sound while the tricuspid denotes the first heart sound. Murmurs are heard loudest at the pulmonary and aortic region. Lymphatic, Chest, and Heart Essay.

A Pregnant Patient (32 Weeks’ Gestation) Is Having Difficulty With Dependent Edema And Painful Varicosities. What Can You Suggest To Help This Patient’s Problem And Explain The Rationale?

Varicose veins are common in pregnancy because the uterus applies pressure to the inferior vena cava (Soule, et al, 2020). A patient can relieve pain from the varicose veins by walking frequently, elevating the feet, and wearing a maternity support hose. This support hose compresses the veins to help push the blood forward.

This Discussion has 3 parts:

• Lymphatic

*Define lymphedema.

*What is elephantiasis?

*Provide the differential diagnosis of mumps versus cervical adenitis.

• Thorax and Lungs

*Define and provide an example of a disease/situation where this sign/symptom might be present:

Dyspnea

Orthopnea

Apnea

Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea

Tachypnea

Bradypnea

Hyperpnea

Kussmaul breathing

Periodic breathing (Cheyne-Stokes).

*Support your answer with a previous experience you have encountered in your career.

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• Cardiovascular System

*Name and write the location of the five traditionally designated auscultatory areas and explain why it is heard there.

*A pregnant patient (32 weeks’ gestation) is having difficulty with dependent edema and painful varicosities. What can you suggest to help this patient’s problem and explain rationale?  Lymphatic, Chest, and Heart Essay.

Submission Instructions:

Your initial post should be at least 500 words, formatted and cited in proper current APA style with support from at least 2 academic sources. Your initial post is worth 8 points.

You should respond to at least two of your peers by extending, refuting/correcting, or adding additional nuance to their posts. Your reply posts are worth 2 points (1 point per response.)

All replies must be constructive and use literature where possible.

Please post your initial response by 11:59 PM ET Thursday, and comment on the posts of two classmates by 11:59 PM ET Sunday.

You can expect feedback from the instructor within 48 to 72 hours from the Sunday due date.Lymphatic, Chest, and Heart Essay.

References

Coniglio, A. C., & Mentz, R. J. (2020). Sleep breathing disorders in heart failure. Heart failure clinics, 16(1), 45-51. Psicológica, 29(4), 127-139.

Kim, K. R., Lee, E. Y., & Shaikh, R. (2020). Lymphatics. In Pediatric Body MRI (pp. 113-124). Springer, Cham.

Soule, H. M., Jayi, S., Sano, A. A., Alaoui, F. Z. F., Chaara, H., & Melhouf, M. A. (2020). Vulvar varicose veins and pregnancy: childbirth management. PAMJ-Clinical Medicine, 3(157).

Zenga, R., Zoub, Z., Jianga, Y., Lia, F., Chenc, F., Zengd, J., & Zuoe, C. (2020). A randomized controlled trial of sequential cardiac auscultation for medical students. Revista Argentina de Clínica. Lymphatic, Chest, and Heart Essay.