6630wk81 Psycho pharmacologic Treatments

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6630wk81 Psycho pharmacologic Treatments

Assignment 1: Short Answer Assessment

As a psychiatric nurse practitioner, you will likely encounter patients who suffer from various mental health disorders. Not surprisingly, ensuring that your patients have the appropriate psycho pharmacologic treatments will be essential for their overall health and well-being. The psycho pharmacologic treatments you might recommend for patients may have potential impacts on other mental health conditions and, therefore, require additional consideration for positive patient outcomes. For this Assignment, you will review and apply your understanding of psycho pharmacologic treatments for patients with multiple mental health disorders.6630wk81 Psycho pharmacologic Treatments

To Prepare

  • Review the Learning Resources for this week.
  • Reflect on the psycho pharmacologic treatments that you have covered up to this point that may be available to treat patients with mental health disorders.
  • Consider the potential effects these psycho pharmacologic treatments may have on co-existing mental health conditions and/or their potential effects on your patient’s overall health.

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To complete:

Address the following Short Answer prompts for your Assignment. Be sure to include references to the Learning Resources for this week.  I would also encourage you to use External Resources.

In 3 or 4 sentences, explain the appropriate drug therapy for a patient who presents with MDD and a history of alcohol abuse. Which drugs are contraindicated, if any, and why? Be specific. What is the timeframe that the patient should see resolution of symptoms?

List 4 predictors of late onset generalized anxiety disorder.

List 4 potential neurobiology causes of psychotic major depression.

An episode of major depression is defined as a period of time lasting at least 2 weeks. List at least 5 symptoms required for the episode to occur. Be specific.6630wk81 Psycho pharmacologic Treatments

List 3 classes of drugs, with a corresponding example for each class, that precipitate insomnia. Be specific.

  1. In 3 or 4 sentences, explain the appropriate drug therapy for a patient who presents with MDD and a history of alcohol abuse. Which drugs are contraindicated, if any, and why? Be specific. What is the time frame that the patient should see resolution of symptoms?

A combined therapy of naltrexone with sertraline antidepressant can be effective in treating a patient suffering from MDD with alcohol use history. Naltrexone is the first-line of alcohol abuse treatment while sertraline antidepressant affects the brain chemicals altered by depression (Carton et al., 2018). sertraline antidepressant interacts with eliglustat, flibanserin, isocarboxazid, lomitapide, phenelzine, pimozide, procarbazine, selegiline, thioridazine, tranylcypromine while naltrexone is contraindicated to narcotic drugs and diarrhea medications (Carton et al., 2018). Resolution of symptoms can be seen between 4-6 weeks.

  1. List 4 predictors of late onset generalized anxiety disorder (Zhang et al., 2019).
  • Being female. Women are considered to have a late age of MDD onset.
  • Recent adverse life events such as loss of a loved one, accidents, abuse and traumas can cause GAD.
  • Having chronic physical health disorders such as heart failure, arrhythmia, respiratory disorders, cognitive impairment or dyslipidemia.
  • Mental health. his includes phobia, depression and past GAD)
  1. List 4 potential neurobiology causes of psychotic major depression.
  • Cumulative impact of genetics. First degree relatives have a 2 to 3 fold increase in risk of developing MDD while twins have a 40% to 50% chance of MDD heritability (Croarkin, 2018).
  • Reduced hypothalamic function. The Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis dysregulation is linked to onset of MDD.
  • Subgenual cortex connectivity
  • Degenerative neurological conditions
  1. An episode of major depression is defined as a period of time lasting at least 2 weeks. List at least 5 symptoms required for the episode to occur. Be specific (Hasin et al., 2018).
  • Severe and persistent low mood and profound sadness
  • Significant loss of weight or increased appetite.
  • Sense of despair.
  • Irritability
  • Diminished pleasure and interest in all daily activities 6630wk81 Psycho pharmacologic Treatments
  • List 3 classes of drugs, with a corresponding example for each class, that precipitate insomnia. Be specific.
  • Z” Sedative-Hypnotics such as Zolpidem
  • Benzodiazepines such as lorazepam
  • Dual Orexin Receptor Antagonists such as Suvorexant
  • Melatonin Receptor Agonists such as Ramelteon
  • Antidepressants such as Silenor

References

Carton, L., Pignon, B., Baguet, A., Benradia, I., Roelandt, J. L., Vaiva, G., … & Rolland, B. (2018). Influence of comorbid alcohol use disorders on the clinical patterns of major depressive disorder: a general population-based study. Drug and alcohol dependence, 187, 40-47.

Croarkin, P. E. (2018). Indexing the neurobiology of psychotic depression with resting state connectivity: Insights from the STOP-PD study. EBioMedicine, 37, 32-33.

Hasin, D. S., Sarvet, A. L., Meyers, J. L., Saha, T. D., Ruan, W. J., Stohl, M., & Grant, B. F. (2018). Epidemiology of adult DSM-5 major depressive disorder and its specifiers in the United States. JAMA psychiatry, 75(4), 336-346.

Zhang, X., Norton, J., Carrière, I., Ritchie, K., Chaudieu, I., & Ancelin, M. L. (2019). Risk factors for late-onset generalized anxiety disorder: results from a 12-year prospective cohort (the ESPRIT study). Translational psychiatry, 5(3), e536. https://doi.org/10.1038/tp.2015.31 6630wk81 Psycho pharmacologic Treatments