The Use of Clinical Systems to Improve Outcomes and Efficiencies Essay

New technology—and the application of existing technology—only appears in healthcare settings after careful and significant research. The stakes are high, and new clinical systems need to offer evidence of positive impact on outcomes or efficiencies. Nurse informaticists and healthcare leaders formulate clinical system strategies. As these strategies are often based on technology trends, informaticists and others have then benefited from consulting existing research to inform their thinking. In this Assignment, you will review existing research focused on the application of clinical systems. After reviewing, you will summarize your findings. To Prepare: Review the Resources and reflect on the impact of clinical systems on outcomes and efficiencies within the context of nursing practice and healthcare delivery. Conduct a search for recent (within the last 5 years) research focused on the application of clinical systems. The research should provide evidence to support the use of one type of clinical system to improve outcomes and/or efficiencies, such as “the use of personal health records or portals to support patients newly diagnosed with diabetes.” Identify and select 4 peer-reviewed research articles from your research. The Use of Clinical Systems to Improve Outcomes and Efficiencies Essay.  For information about annotated bibliographies, visit https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/writingcenter/assignments/annotatedbibliographies The Assignment: (4-5 pages not including the title and reference page) In a 4- to 5-page paper, synthesize the peer-reviewed research you reviewed. Format your Assignment as an Annotated Bibliography. Be sure to address the following: Identify the 4 peer-reviewed research articles you reviewed, citing each in APA format. Include an introduction explaining the purpose of the paper. Summarize each study, explaining the improvement to outcomes, efficiencies, and lessons learned from the application of the clinical system each peer-reviewed article described. Be specific and provide examples. In your conclusion, synthesize the findings from the 4 peer-reviewed research articles. Use APA format and include a title page. Use the Safe Assign Drafts to check your match percentage before submitting your work.

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Annotated Bibliography: The Use of Clinical Systems to Improve Outcomes and Efficiencies

Healthcare institutions across the globe have endeavored to adopt and apply effective clinical systems in a bid to revitalize and improve service delivery. Evidence-based practices and empirical studies have shown that adoption of proper clinical systems and health information technology improves quality of care, health outcomes and service delivery processes. In addition, they help in reduction of medical errors, identification of risk in patients, and increases efficiency in addressing patients’ needs. For the purposes of this paper, electronic personal health records has been selected as the clinical one type of clinical system. This essay will present a critical analysis of five research articles on the use of personal health records to support patients newly diagnosed with diabetes to improve patient outcomes.

Summary 1

Dykes, P. C., Rozenblum, R., Dalal, A., Massaro, A., Chang, F., Clements, M., & Bates, D. W. (2017). Prospective evaluation of a multifaceted intervention to improve outcomes in intensive care: the promoting respect and ongoing safety through patient engagement communication and technology study. Critical care medicine, 45(8), e806-e813. DOI: 10.1097/CCM. 0000000000002449. The Use of Clinical Systems to Improve Outcomes and Efficiencies Essay.

Dykes et al (2017) conducted a research whose main objective was to assess use of health information technology and effectiveness of patient-centered care programs to improve outcomes in medical ICU in large tertiary care center. The study concluded that use of health information technology (IT) enhanced patient outcomes, client satisfaction, improved service delivery and care coordination as it reduced the time taken to access patient records and reduced medical errors. Moreover, health IT allowed healthcare providers and patients to access online portal to view health information and communicate among themselves. Utilization of health IT enhanced patient participation in care plans and adherence to treatment plan. Implementation of a structured patient engagement program and inter-professional collaboration in ICU significantly reduced adverse effects such as medical errors. The study found out that team communication and multidisciplinary involvement is necessary to achieve improved patient outcomes and meet the needs of the patients.

Summary 2

Kruse, C. S., Stein, A., Thomas, H., & Kaur, H. (2018). The use of electronic health records to support population health: a systematic review of the literature. Journal of medical systems, 42(11), 214. DOI: 10.1007/s10916-018-1075-6.

Kruse et al (2018) asserted that electronic health records (EHR) is a health information technology adopted to enhance quality of services offered in the healthcare industry and address the health disparities experienced in population health. The general objective of the study was to assess the relationship between use of EHRs on population health as well as factors that facilitate and hinder the adoption of EHRs. The study established that adoption and implementation of EHRs resulted in improvement of service delivery and care outcomes. It also enhanced integration of preventive care into care practices. Kruse et al (2018) found out that application of EHRs in the surgical intensive care units (ICU) resulted in lower rates of mortality and central line-associated blood infections.

EHRs were found to enhance efficiency by facilitating patient centered care and proper coordination of care among the healthcare service providers. Adoption of EHRs enhanced easier access to patients’ information and offered confidentiality to the patients’ records. Improved access and security to patients’ information was found to lead to better patient outcomes and productivity in service delivery. Kruse et al (2018) asserted that application and utilization of EHRs in managing chronic illnesses such as diabetes would reduce instances of data disintegration when information is exchanged between the different health professionals offering care. Also, access of patients’ health records from a central sources results in improved continuity of care. Use of EHRs in emergency departments and ICU improves decision making by use of decision trees regarding patient’s care plan and treatment since health professionals which enhances the quality of life in a patient. The Use of Clinical Systems to Improve Outcomes and Efficiencies Essay. Utilization of EHRs in management of patient records reduces medical and human errors which may occur when using manual handover processes. The study identified that user acceptance is necessary in the elimination of barriers that hinder adoption of EHRs. To increase the adoption and utilization of EHRs, there is need for combined efforts from all stakeholders in public health. From the Kruse et al (2018) research article, it can be concluded that adoption and proper implementation of EHRs can improve health outcomes, efficiency, workflow and safe continuity of care.

Summary 3

Lyles, C. R., Nelson, E. C., Frampton, S., Dykes, P. C., Cemballi, A. G., & Sarkar, U. (2020). Using electronic health record portals to improve patient engagement: research priorities and best practices. Annals of Internal Medicine, 172(11_Supplement), S123-S129.

Lyles et al (2020) noted that though majority of healthcare organizations offer patient portals to allow patients access EHRs in the United States, only a small percentage of patients utilized the platforms. The study noted that EHRs are developed to manage health records and clinical information and not to engage patients. However, allowing patient access to their EHRs using portals and technological applications would improve engagement, increase patient access to their medical data as well as care plans and patient education. Lyles et at (2020) asserted that there is limited empirical evidence associating patient outcomes to portal use. However, evidence-based practice has shown that use of patient portals significantly improves patient interest in their treatment, satisfies demand of patients’ caregivers to access information, enhances patient satisfaction, convenience and improves self-management. Despite the benefits of use of patient portal to access EHRs, Lyles found out that their use was faced by several barriers. It was found that some patients did not use the portals due to limited digital literacy while others did not understand their importance. The study recommended patient training on the use of portals, testing of their usability, and involvement of clinicians and health professionals to increase of portals as well as patient engagement. To improve patient engagement through use of EHRs, patients’ skills, interests should be put into consideration.

Summary 4

Rao-Gupta, S., Kruger, D., Leak, L. D., Tieman, L. A., & Manworren, R. C. (2018). Leveraging interactive patient care technology to improve pain management engagement. Pain Management Nursing, 19(3), 212-221.

Rao–Gupta et al (2018) conducted a research on managing and addressing pain in pediatric patients using interactive patient care technology. The study noted many parents were not satisfied with pain management in their children during hospitalization. The study established that engagement of patients and caregivers in creation and evaluation pain treatment plan may improve perception on management of pain. Use of health IT to document pain assessment increased the effectiveness of treatment. By documenting the patients’ treatment and care pans using EHRs, parents and care givers were able to access the information and understand the intervention strategies being offered to the patients. Integration of interactive patient care technology system and medicine dispensing system into EHRs stimulated conversations on pain management perceptions among caregivers. Positive responses were reported from the caregivers and parents after they were engaged in the pain management process. Use of patient care technologies to manage pain and engage patient and families allowed them to take an active role in treatment outcomes. In addition, use of patient are technologies improved communication and partnerships between the patients and health providers. Implementation of patient technologies in pain management increases sensitivity to patient’s pain, improvement of hospital experiences, and patient satisfaction. The Use of Clinical Systems to Improve Outcomes and Efficiencies Essay.

Summary 5

Selvaraj, S., Fonarow, G. C., Sheng, S., Matsouaka, R. A., DeVore, A. D., Heidenreich, P. A., & Bhatt, D. L. (2018). Association of Electronic Health Record Use With Quality of Care and Outcomes in Heart Failure: An Analysis of Get with the Guidelines—Heart Failure. Journal of the American Heart Association, 7(7), e008158. DOI: 10.1161/JAHA.117.008158.

Selvaraj et al (2018) did a research whose main objective was to analyze the association between use of EHRs and quality of care and outcomes in heart failure. The study noted that theoretically, the adoption of use of EHRs had increased significantly. Implementation of EHRs led to improved coordination of care, efficiency, and productivity in provision of patient care.  In addition, EHRs led to efficient and rapid analysis of quality measures and decreased health disparities in populations. Selvaraj et al (2018) noted that EHRs have proven to be effective in the reduction of medical errors and improvement of care. However, the utilization of EHRs could not be attributed to improvement of service delivery and care in heart failure-related outcomes. In addition, the study results suggested that EHRs may not be sufficient to improve quality of care or related outcomes in heart failure.  From the research study, the role of EHRs in improvement of healthcare service delivery and patient outcomes cannot be underplayed. However, other factors other than EHRs may be responsible for improvement of heart failure-related outcomes. There is need to study other measures such as patient education, monitoring adherence to treatment, and care plan. In addition, the study suggested a further study into the factors that promote optimal implementation of EHRs in healthcare practice to promote their adoption.

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Conclusion

Use of clinical systems such as EHRs have been associated with improved patient outcomes, quality of care and efficiency in the coordination of care. The five selected research articles have opined that EHRs improve health outcomes, decrease health disparities, reduce medical errors caused by use of manual health records, increases coordination of care, and improves documentation and access of patients’ information. Also, EHRs were linked to improved efficiency through increase in teamwork and inter-professional collaboration among health professionals and care providers. EHRs were found to reduce costs and time spent accessing manual records which implies that they increase productivity and efficiency in the healthcare systems. There is need to conduct a research  on use of EHRs to support patients newly diagnosed with diabetes to established if the study outcomes will be similar to those established in the five reviewed articles. The Use of Clinical Systems to Improve Outcomes and Efficiencies Essay.

References

Dykes, P. C., Rozenblum, R., Dalal, A., Massaro, A., Chang, F., Clements, M., & Bates, D. W. (2017). Prospective evaluation of a multifaceted intervention to improve outcomes in intensive care: the promoting respect and ongoing safety through patient engagement communication and technology study. Critical care medicine, 45(8), e806-e813. DOI: 10.1097/CCM. 0000000000002449.

Kruse, C. S., Stein, A., Thomas, H., & Kaur, H. (2018). The use of electronic health records to support population health: a systematic review of the literature. Journal of medical systems, 42(11), 214. DOI: 10.1007/s10916-018-1075-6.

Lyles, C. R., Nelson, E. C., Frampton, S., Dykes, P. C., Cemballi, A. G., & Sarkar, U. (2020). Using electronic health record portals to improve patient engagement: research priorities and best practices. Annals of Internal Medicine, 172(11_Supplement), S123-S129.

Rao-Gupta, S., Kruger, D., Leak, L. D., Tieman, L. A., & Manworren, R. C. (2018). Leveraging interactive patient care technology to improve pain management engagement. Pain Management Nursing, 19(3), 212-221.

Selvaraj, S., Fonarow, G. C., Sheng, S., Matsouaka, R. A., DeVore, A. D., Heidenreich, P. A., & Bhatt, D. L. (2018). Association of Electronic Health Record Use With Quality of Care and Outcomes in Heart Failure: An Analysis of Get with the Guidelines—Heart Failure. Journal of the American Heart Association, 7(7), e008158. DOI: 10.1161/JAHA.117.008158. The Use of Clinical Systems to Improve Outcomes and Efficiencies Essay.