Potential Health Risks for Obesity of Concern.

It is necessary for an RN-BSN-prepared nurse to demonstrate an enhanced understanding of the pathophysiological processes of disease, the clinical manifestations and treatment protocols, and how they affect clients across the life span.Potential Health Risks for Obesity of Concern.

Evaluate the Health History and Medical Information for Mr. C., presented below.

Based on this information, formulate a conclusion based on your evaluation, and complete the Critical Thinking Essay assignment, as instructed below.Potential Health Risks for Obesity of Concern.

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Health History and Medical Information

Health History

Mr. C., a 32-year-old single male, is seeking information at the outpatient center regarding possible bariatric surgery for his obesity. He currently works at a catalog telephone center. He reports that he has always been heavy, even as a small child, gaining approximately 100 pounds in the last 2-3 years. Previous medical evaluations have not indicated any metabolic diseases, but he says he has sleep apnea and high blood pressure, which he tries to control by restricting dietary sodium. Mr. C. reports increasing shortness of breath with activity, swollen ankles, and pruritus over the last 6 months.Potential Health Risks for Obesity of Concern.

Objective Data:

Height: 68 inches; weight 134.5 kg
BP: 172/98, HR 88, RR 26
3+ pitting edema bilateral feet and ankles
Fasting blood glucose: 146 mg/dL
Total cholesterol: 250 mg/dL
Triglycerides: 312 mg/dL
HDL: 30 mg/dL
Serum creatinine 1.8 mg/dL
BUN 32 mg/dl

Critical Thinking Essay

In 750-1,000 words, critically evaluate Mr. C.\’s potential diagnosis and intervention(s). Include the following:

Describe the clinical manifestations present in Mr. C.
Describe the potential health risks for obesity that are of concern for Mr. C. Discuss whether bariatric surgery is an appropriate intervention.
Assess each of Mr. C.\’s functional health patterns using the information given. Discuss at least five actual or potential problems can you identify from the functional health patterns and provide the rationale for each. (Functional health patterns include health-perception, health-management, nutritional, metabolic, elimination, activity-exercise, sleep-rest, cognitive-perceptual, self-perception/self-concept, role-relationship, sexuality/reproductive, coping-stress tolerance.)
Explain the staging of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and contributing factors to consider.Potential Health Risks for Obesity of Concern.
Consider ESRD prevention and health promotion opportunities. Describe what type of patient education should be provided to Mr. C. for prevention of future events, health restoration, and avoidance of deterioration of renal status.
Explain the type of resources available for ESRD patients for nonacute care and the type of multidisciplinary approach that would be beneficial for these patients. Consider aspects such as devices, transportation, living conditions, return-to-employment issues.

You are required to cite to a minimum of two sources to complete this assignment. Sources must be published within the last 5 years and appropriate for the assignment criteria and relevant to nursing practice.

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.Potential Health Risks for Obesity of Concern.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. Refer to the LopesWrite Technical Support articles for assistance.

Mr. C is a 32-year-old male presenting to the outpatient center seeking information on potential bariatric surgery for his obesity. The client reports being heavy since he was a child but has added about 100 pounds in the past two to three years. He works at a telephone center, and his sedentary lifestyle has significantly contributed to obesity. With this in mind, this essay identifies medical manifestations present in Mr. C, prospective health concerns, and appropriateness of bariatric surgery to control his weight. It also discussed his functional health patterns,staging, and aspects contributing to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Lastly, the paper describes health promotion and prevention of ESRD and resources available for ESRD patients.Potential Health Risks for Obesity of Concern.

Clinical Manifestations of Mr. C

According to the client’s past medical reports, he has not been diagnosed with any metabolic illnesses. However, Mr. C reports that he has been experiencing sleep apnea and elevated blood pressure, which he attempts to regulate by restricting his sodium consumption. Mr. C also states that activity increases his shortness of breath, and he has been having pruritus and swollen ankles in the last six months. According to Mr. C’s objective findings, his weight is 134.5 kgs, and his height 68 inches.Potential Health Risks for Obesity of Concern. This translates into a Body Mass Index of 46.4, categorized as class III obesity. Vital signs indicate that Mr. C has a high blood pressure of 172/98 and 26b/min tachypnea. the client has 3+ pitting edema on bilateral feet and ankles and results indicate a high 46 mg/dL, Total cholesterol-250 mg/dL Triglycerides-312 mg/dL and low HDL of 30 mg/dL. Mr. C’s serum creatinine is1.8 mg/dL and BUN 32 mg/dl. The above clinical manifestations are indicative of metabolic disease. Potential Health Risks for Obesity of Concern.

Potential Health Risks for Obesity of Concern to Mr. C and Bariatric Surgery

According to Hruby et al. (2016), obesity is linked to numerous health complications. These include cardiovascular diseases, stroke, gall bladder disease, and osteoarthritis. Obesity is also linked to breathing problems such as sleep apnea and asthma. To mitigate the health risks associated with obesity, an intervention for Mr. C is warranted. Based on his clinical manifestations, bariatric surgery is appropriate as a weight loss procedure.Potential Health Risks for Obesity of Concern.  By definition, bariatric surgery constitutes the numerous procedures that make changes to the digestive system, allowing the client to lose weight. Research suggests three conditions for bariatric surgery. To be eligible for surgical weight loss, individuals must have a BMI greater than 40 or be more than 100 pounds overweight (Wolfe et al., 2016). Persons with a BMI above 35 and at least one or more obesity-related illnesses such as hypertension or diabetes also qualify for bariatric surgery. Also, individuals unable to achieve weight loss through diet or exercise are eligible for the procedure. Mr. C meets all of the above conditions.Potential Health Risks for Obesity of Concern.

Functional Health Patterns

According to Gordon, nurses comprehensively evaluate a patient’s health status using 11 patterns, known as the functional health patterns (Khatiban et al., 2019). These identify a patient’s functioning in significant activities of daily living.Potential Health Risks for Obesity of Concern.

Health Perception and Management

Mr. C is well aware of his weight and how it is affecting his health. He thus visits an outpatient clinic to consult on the appropriateness of bariatric surgery for his weight loss. The client perceives that he is overweight and is seeking an intervention.Potential Health Risks for Obesity of Concern.

Nutritional/Metabolic

Mr. C has high blood pressure, which he attempts to regulate by restricting his sodium intake.

Elimination

No Information is provided on Mr. C‘s elimination patterns or trends.

Activity/ Exercise

It has not been indicated whether Mr. C engages in any form of physical exercise. However, it is notable that the client works in a telephone catalog center where he spends most of his time seated.Potential Health Risks for Obesity of Concern.

Sleep

Mr. C has sleep apnea. By definition, sleep apnea is a disorder characterized by a sudden interruption of a person’s breathing during sleep. A significant risk factor for sleep apnea is obesity.

Cognitive/ Perceptual

Information on Mr. C’s cognitive assessment is not provided. However, the patient is seeking input on possible weight loss surgery as a solution to his obesity.

Self-Perception

Mr. C perceives that he has been heavy since a child. He also feels that he has added about 100 pounds in the past few years.Potential Health Risks for Obesity of Concern.

Role Relationship

This information is not provided.

Sexuality/Reproductive

Mr. C’s sexual or reproductive patterns are not provided.

Coping/Stress

From the information provided, it is not evident the coping mechanisms used by Mr. C.

Value-Belief Pattern

Information on this category is not provided.

Staging of End-Stage Renal Disease and Aspects Contributing to the Disease

ESRD is a condition where the kidneys’ functioning permanently becomes diminished, warranting the need for a kidney transplant or lasting dialysis. The disease is classified into five stages grounded on glomerular filtration rate (GFR).GFR measures the amount of blood filtered by the kidney every minute. As the filtration rate declines, so does the kidney functioning (Panday et al., 2017). In stage 1, the GFR rate is above 90, and the kidneys are functioning normally.Potential Health Risks for Obesity of Concern.

Stage 2 ESRD occurs when a person’s GFR rate is 60 to 89 ml per minute. The gradual decrease shows mild loss of kidney functioning. Notably, stage 3 ESRD is characterized by a GFR rate is 30 to 59, which shows moderate loss of kidney functioning. Stage 4 ESRD has a GFR rate of 15 to 29, translatinginto a severe loss of kidney functioning. The last stage has persons with a GFR rate of fewer than 15 ml per minute, which means heart failure. Various factors contribute to end-stage renal disease. These include diabetes, obesity, having a family history with the disease, and advanced age. Additional risk factors for the disease are black race, smoking and drug use, and certain medicines such as the proton pump inhibitors for gastroesophageal reflux disease.Potential Health Risks for Obesity of Concern.

Health Promotion and Prevention of ESRD

Health promotion for ESRD should primarily focus on patient education. Narva et al. (2015) assert that patient-centered care and self-management are fundamental education goals for patients with chronic kidney diseases. Patient education is a vital mechanism through which patients are taught on needs they should address concerning chronic kidney disease. It also empowers patients to engage in self-management to manage risks related to chronic kidney disease. For Mr. C, patient education should encourage him to adopt healthy lifestyle modifications such as consuming a healthy diet and engaging in physical exercises to avoid symptoms deterioration.Potential Health Risks for Obesity of Concern.

Resources for ESRD Patients for Nonacute Care and Multidisciplinary Approach

Various resources are available for patients with end-stage renal disease. A critical resource that is highly beneficial for these patients is social support. Peng et al. (2019) suggest that support groups for ESRD patients provide an opportunity for them to vent, share information, and empower one another. Another resource is the online community, where individuals diagnosed with chronic kidney disease interact and support each other. Health experts are also vital resources for these patients, as they provide sufficient medical information required for self-care. Given the nature of the condition, patients and providers must embrace a multidisciplinary approach to treatment based on collaboration.Potential Health Risks for Obesity of Concern.

It is necessary for an RN-BSN-prepared nurse to demonstrate an enhanced understanding of the pathophysiological processes of disease, the clinical manifestations and treatment protocols, and how they affect clients across the life span.Potential Health Risks for Obesity of Concern.

Evaluate the Health History and Medical Information for Mr. C., presented below.

Based on this information, formulate a conclusion based on your evaluation, and complete the Critical Thinking Essay assignment, as instructed below.

Health History and Medical Information

Health History

Mr. C., a 32-year-old single male, is seeking information at the outpatient center regarding possible bariatric surgery for his obesity. He currently works at a catalog telephone center. He reports that he has always been heavy, even as a small child, gaining approximately 100 pounds in the last 2-3 years. Previous medical evaluations have not indicated any metabolic diseases, but he says he has sleep apnea and high blood pressure, which he tries to control by restricting dietary sodium. Mr. C. reports increasing shortness of breath with activity, swollen ankles, and pruritus over the last 6 months.Potential Health Risks for Obesity of Concern.

Objective Data:

1. Height: 68 inches; weight 134.5 kg
2. BP: 172/98, HR 88, RR 26
3. 3+ pitting edema bilateral feet and ankles
4. Fasting blood glucose: 146 mg/dL
5. Total cholesterol: 250 mg/dL
6. Triglycerides: 312 mg/dL
7. HDL: 30 mg/dL
8. Serum creatinine 1.8 mg/dL
9. BUN 32 mg/dl

Critical Thinking Essay

In 750-1,000 words, critically evaluate Mr. C.’s potential diagnosis and intervention(s). Include the following:

1. Describe the clinical manifestations present in Mr. C.
2. Describe the potential health risks for obesity that are of concern for Mr. C. Discuss whether bariatric surgery is an appropriate intervention.
3. Assess each of Mr. C.’s functional health patterns using the information given. Discuss at least five actual or potential problems can you identify from the functional health patterns and provide the rationale for each. (Functional health patterns include health-perception, health-management, nutritional, metabolic, elimination, activity-exercise, sleep-rest, cognitive-perceptual, self-perception/self-concept, role-relationship, sexuality/reproductive, coping-stress tolerance.)Potential Health Risks for Obesity of Concern.
4. Explain the staging of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and contributing factors to consider.
5. Consider ESRD prevention and health promotion opportunities. Describe what type of patient education should be provided to Mr. C. for prevention of future events, health restoration, and avoidance of deterioration of renal status.
6. Explain the type of resources available for ESRD patients for nonacute care and the type of multidisciplinary approach that would be beneficial for these patients. Consider aspects such as devices, transportation, living conditions, return-to-employment issues.Potential Health Risks for Obesity of Concern.

You are required to cite to a minimum of two sources to complete this assignment. Sources must be published within the last 5 years and appropriate for the assignment criteria and relevant to nursing practice.

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion. Potential Health Risks for Obesity of Concern.