Global Healthcare Comparison Matrix and Narrative Statement Paper

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Global Healthcare Comparison Matrix and Narrative Statement Paper

lobal Healthcare Comparison Matrix and Narrative Statement If you talk about a possible poor health outcome, do you believe that outcome will occur? Do you believe eye contact and personal contact should be avoided? You would have a difficult time practicing as a nurse if you believed these to be true. But they are very real beliefs in some cultures. Differences in cultural beliefs, subcultures, religion, ethnic customs, dietary customs, language, and a host of other factors contribute to the complex environment that surrounds global healthcare issues. Failure to understand and account for these differences can create a gulf between practitioners and the public they serve. In this Assignment, you will examine a global health issue and consider the approach to this issue by the United States and by one other country. To Prepare: Review the World Health Organization’s (WHO) global health agenda and select one global health issue to focus on for this Assignment. Select at least one additional country to compare to the U.S. for this Assignment. Reflect on how the global health issue you selected is approached in the U.S. and in the additional country you selected. Review and download the Global Health Comparison Matrix provided in the Resources. The Assignment: (1- to 2-page Global Health Comparison Matrix; 1-page Plan for Social Change) Part 1: Global Health Comparison Matrix Focusing on the country you selected and the U.S., complete the Global Health Comparison Matrix. Be sure to address the following: Consider the U.S. national/federal health policies that have been adapted for the global health issue you selected from the WHO global health agenda. Compare these policies to the additional country you selected for study. Global Healthcare Comparison Matrix and Narrative Statement Paper.  Explain the strengths and weaknesses of each policy. Explain how the social determinants of health may impact the global health issue you selected. Be specific and provide examples. Using the WHO’s Organization’s global health agenda as well as the results of your own research, analyze how each country’s government addresses cost, quality, and access to the global health issue selected. Explain how the health policy you selected might impact the health of the global population. Be specific and provide examples. Explain how the health policy you selected might impact the role of the nurse in each country. Explain how global health issues impact local healthcare organizations and policies in both countries. Be specific and provide examples. Part 2: A Plan for Social Change Reflect on the global health policy comparison and analysis you conducted in Part 1 of the Assignment and the impact that global health issues may have on the world, the U.S., your community, as well as your practice as a nurse leader. In a 1-page response, create a plan for social change that incorporates a global perspective or lens into your local practice and role as a nurse leader. Explain how you would advocate for the incorporation of a global perspective or lens into your local practice and role as a nurse leader. Explain how the incorporation of a global perspective or lens might impact your local practice and role as a nurse leader. Explain how the incorporation of a global perspective or lens into your local practice as a nurse leader represents and contributes to social change. Be specific and provide examples. Global Healthcare Comparison Matrix and Narrative Statement Paper.

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Use this document to complete the Module 6 Assessment Global Healthcare Comparison Matrix and Narrative Statement

Global Healthcare Issue Opioid epidemic
Description The opioid epidemic has seen increased opioid medication prescriptions resulting in widespread misuse of both prescription and nonprescription opioid that it matched by addiction, overdose and abuse (US Department of Health and Human Services, 2020). The World Health Organization (2018) places the issue into perspective by reporting that 5.6% of the global population use opioids and opiates of which 10% of them suffer from opioid use disorders that include dependence on prescription opioids, manufactured heroin and illicitly cultivated heroin. 0.001% of the global population dies annually as a direct result of the epidemic, reporting pharmacological effects such as respiratory depression. Although there are effective treatments for opioid dependence, only 10% of the persons who need such treatments end up receiving them (World Health Organization, 2018).
Country United States

 

 Canada
Describe the policy in each country related to the identified healthcare issue The Trump administration unveiled the Stop Opioid Abuse Initiative in 2018 as a policy for addressing the opioid crisis in the country. The policy is presented in three parts. The first part is concerned with reducing opioid over-prescription and demand through educating the American public on the dangers associated with opioid misuse. The second part is concerned with halting the supply of illegal opioids (such as heroin) through interrupting the domestic and international drug supply chains. The third part is concerned with ensuring that persons suffering from opioid addiction are able to receive evidence-based treatments and recovery support services (The White House, 2020). The Canadian Federal Government understands that opioid abuse presents a real concern in the country. To address this concern, the federal government has taken a leadership role in addressing the crisis. Towards this end, the government has implemented a four-pronged approach that focuses on public health response through: prevention; treatment; harm reduction; and enforcement (Government of Canada, 2020a).
What are the strengths of this policy? ·         The policy is targeted at intervention and prevention.

·         It leverages the extensive government resources.

·         Keen on applying evidence-based interventions.

·         Acknowledges the need to curtail access to illegal opioids through enforcement.

·         Indicates government intention to address the epidemic. Global Healthcare Comparison Matrix and Narrative Statement Paper.

 ·         The policy is targeted at intervention and prevention.

·         It leverages the extensive government resources.

·         Keen on applying evidence-based interventions.

·         Prepared on the basis of collaborative efforts and consensus.

·         Acknowledges the need to curtail access to illegal opioids through enforcement.

·         Indicates government intention to address the epidemic.

·         Acknowledges the need for harm reduction.
What are the weaknesses of this policy? ·         Policy not based on collaborative efforts from others stakeholders so that some opportunities for improvement are missed.

·         There is inflexibility as it relies on government spending thus making it difficult to change budgetary details should the need arise.

·         There is conflict between objectives and discriminatory impact. The control of prescription opioids and illegal opioids has reduced availability of opioids, but made illegal trade in opioids more lucrative.

·         There is limited scope of change in reality as US policies are out of line with those of South American countries thereby creating a considerable inflow of illegal opioids from these countries.

 ·         There is inflexibility as it relies on government spending thus making it difficult to change budgetary details should the need arise.

·         There is conflict between objectives and discriminatory impact. The control of prescription opioids and illegal opioids has reduced availability of opioids, but made illegal trade in opioids more lucrative.
Explain how the social determinants of health may impact the specified global health issue. (Be specific and provide examples)

 

 Social determinants of health have an impact on opioid epidemic.

·         Access to health care can improve knowledge levels about the determents of opioids and ensure controlled and safe use.

·         Social support networks help with identifying opioid abuse in early stages and supporting treatment efforts.

·         Physical environment and neighborhood determines access to illegal opioids. Global Healthcare Comparison Matrix and Narrative Statement Paper.

·         Socioeconomic status determines whether an individual can access opioids and whether the individual would engage in illegal trade of opioids as a strategy for earning money.

 Social determinants of health have an impact on opioid epidemic.

·         Access to health care can improve knowledge levels about the determents of opioids and ensure controlled and safe use.

·         Social support networks help with identifying opioid abuse in early stages and supporting treatment efforts.

·         Physical environment and neighborhood determines access to illegal opioids.

Socioeconomic status determines whether an individual can access opioids and whether the individual would engage in illegal trade of opioids as a strategy for earning money.
How has each country’ government addressed cost, quality, and access to the selected global health issue? The policy ensures that the federal government funds prevention, treatment and enforcement efforts. This allows Americans to access the services when required without cost concerns. The service quality is determined through evidence-based strategies that ensure that same standard of care across the whole country. Besides that, Americans determined as being in need of the services can be referred to where the services are offered. The policy ensures that the federal government funds prevention, treatment, harm reduction, and enforcement efforts. This allows Canadians to access the services when required without cost concerns. In addition, the government partners with other organizations to share the cost of service delivery. The service quality is determined through evidence-based strategies that ensure that same standard of care across the whole country. Besides that, Canadians determined as being in need of the services can be referred to where the services are offered.
How has the identified health policy impacted the health of the global population? (Be specific and provide examples) ·         Drug overdose deaths reduced by approximately 2% between 2018 and 2019 (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2020). ·         Opioid-related deaths reduced from 4,398 in 2018 to 3,823 in 2019 (Government of Canada, 2020b).
Describe the potential impact of the identified health policy on the role of nurse in each country. ·         The policy has enhanced the role of nurses by requiring their intervention in prevention and treatment services. ·         The policy has enhanced the role of nurses by requiring their intervention in prevention and treatment services.
Explain how global health issues impact local healthcare organizations and policies in both countries. (Be specific and provide examples) Global Healthcare Comparison Matrix and Narrative Statement Paper. Opioid epidemic has had two impacts.

·         Firstly, encouraging investment in prevention, public education and treatment efforts.

·         Secondly, demanded greater control over prescription opioids.

 Opioid epidemic has had two impacts.

·         Firstly, encouraging investment in prevention, public education and treatment efforts.

·         Secondly, demanded greater control over prescription opioids.
General Notes/Comments The policy makes some commendable efforts. However, there is a need for greater collaborative efforts with other organizations to ensure greater reach of service delivery. Canada presents a well thought out policy that leverages the available resources to include those offered by the government and other supporting organizations.

References

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2020). Provisional Drug Overdose Death Counts. https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/vsrr/drug-overdose-data.htm

Government of Canada (2020a). Federal Action on Opioids. https://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/services/substance-use/problematic-prescription-drug-use/opioids/federal-actions.html

Government of Canada (2020b). Opioid-related harms in Canada. https://health-infobase.canada.ca/substance-related-harms/opioids/graphs?index=337

The White House (2020). Ending America’s Opioid Crisis. https://www.whitehouse.gov/opioids/

US Department of Health and Human Services (2020). What is the US Opioid Epidemic? https://www.hhs.gov/opioids/about-the-epidemic/index.html

World Health Organization (2018). Management of Substance abuse: information sheet on opioid overdose. https://www.who.int/substance_abuse/information-sheet/en/. Global Healthcare Comparison Matrix and Narrative Statement Paper.