Comparing Humanistic-Existential Psychotherapy with other Approaches

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Comparing Humanistic-Existential Psychotherapy with other Approaches

In a 2- to 3-page paper, address the following:
• Briefly describe humanistic-existential psychotherapy and the second approach you selected.
• Explain at least three differences between these therapies. Include how these differences might impact your practice as a PMHNP.
• Focusing on one video you viewed listed below, explain why humanistic-existential psychotherapy was utilized with the patient in the video and why it was the treatment of choice. Describe the expected potential outcome if the second approach had been used with the patient.
• Support your response with specific examples from this week’s media and at least three peer-reviewed, evidence-based sources. Explain why each of your supporting sources is considered scholarly. Attach the PDFs of your sources.
Required Media
• Grande, T. (2019, January 9). Theories of counseling – Existential therapyLinks to an external site. [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YvAvc2aWup0
• PsychotherapyNet. (2009, June 29). James Bugental live case consultation psychotherapy videoLinks to an external site. [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zl8tVTjdocI
• ThinkingallowedTV. (2010, September 20). James Bugental: Humanistic psychotherapy (excerpt) – A thinking allowed DVD w/ Jeffrey MishloveLinks to an external site. [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mjDNKGIvWPQ

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Humanistic-Existential Psychotherapy and Behavioral Psychotherapy

The humanistic-existential psychotherapy emphasizes the innate worth of an individual and the importance of self-growth and development, as well as self-actualization (Robbins, 2021). With this approach, the psychotherapist views the client as an individual who is constantly changing, and therefore, the concept of personal responsibility and making choices is emphasized. It is a person-centered approach in which the individual is viewed as the expert in their life and experience (Robbins, 2021). Therefore, it is necessary that they find a safe environment that would foster their self-discovery. Together with the therapist, the client explores meaning, freedom, responsibility and the fact that death is inevitable as these are all crucial to human experiences (Hoffman, 2020)Comparing Humanistic-Existential Psychotherapy with other Approaches. Exploring these themes allows the client to gain a deeper understanding of themselves in the world.

Another psychotherapeutic approach is behavioral psychotherapy whose goal is to teach the client how to adjust their behaviors so as to minimize or eliminate their psychological difficulties (Eelen, 2018). It is based on behaviorism, which the belief that psychology should be concerned with is observed behavior as opposed to the unobservable events that occur in people’s minds. It is largely based on operant and classical conditioning that include reward and punishment and pairing conditioned stimuli with unconditioned stimuli respectively (Eelen, 2018). It is also important to note that this approach in psychotherapy is based on the assumption that behaviors are learned, and therefore, can be changed (Elen, 2018)Comparing Humanistic-Existential Psychotherapy with other Approaches. Examples of therapy techniques based on behavioral psychotherapy include aversion therapy and exposure therapy.

Differences

A major difference between behavioral psychotherapy and humanistic existential theory is that with the former, the assumption is that behavior is learned and therefore can be changed; while with the latter, the assumption is that the individual is viewed as an individual in constant evolution and change; therefore, the person is an expert in their experiences and emphasis lies on their self-growth and self-actualization (Hoffman, 2020). Another difference between the two is that with behavioral therapy, the goal is to change behavior so as to eliminate psychological difficulties through conditioning (Nakao et al., 2021). Conversely, with humanistic-existential therapy, the major goal is to have the client look within, explore meaning, the concept of freedom, and the inevitability of death as an important human experience. This helps the client develop a deeper understanding of themselves within the world’s context, ultimately leading to elimination of psychological difficulties. Comparing Humanistic-Existential Psychotherapy with other Approaches

These differences might impact my practice as a PMHNP because of the techniques applied in both approaches. With the behavioral therapy, as a PMHNP, I would focus on helping the client understand how and why they learned the behavior causing them psychological difficulties, and teach them how to unlearn these behaviors so as to achieve the desired change. Understanding the root cause of behavior is effective in behavior change and is a sustainable approach, according to Nakao et al. (2021). When using applying the humanistic-existential therapy as a PMHNP, I would ensure that the sessions are patient-centred, since this approach is based on the premise that the client is the expert in their lives. Therefore, I would collaborate with the client so that I can understand their inner world and guide them through existential concepts such as meaning and freedom of choice that form the cornerstone of this psychotherapy approach. Understanding the client’s world through their lens would be crucial for me as the PMHNP because I would catch a glimpse of their exact needs in the event they are unable to articulate them (Eelen, 2018). To add to this, it would be helpful for me to guide the client on finding meaning and grounding them in their freedom of choice when I understand their world and experiences from their lens.

Video Discussion

From the video by Bugental talking about his client, he claims that sometimes clients come in and one of the things they talk about is feeling restricted in life, which indicates the search for meaning in life and freedom. Bugental also notes that some clients come into consultation searching for a life force and the searching process is a form of life force in action. He therefore works by identifying clients who feel frustrated and notices their need for fulfilment. These client needs are what guide his choice of approach to be humanistic-existential therapy as it helps clients find meaning of life and discover their freedom of choice. Comparing Humanistic-Existential Psychotherapy with other Approaches

If Bugental had used behavioral therapy, the potential outcome on his patient would be the client changing their behavior so as to find meaning in life. The process would require techniques such as changing thinking patterns through approaches such as CBT, or aversion therapy where the person becomes increasingly frustrated when searching for meaning of life until they either cease searching for meaning or become content with their current life, or for the therapist to find alternative therapy techniques. The goal is to eliminate the psychological difficulty faced by the client. Behavioral therapy may not be ideal for clients whose difficulties stem from search for meaning of life because these are existential issues.

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References

Eelen P. (2018). Behaviour Therapy and Behaviour Modification Background and Development. Psychologica Belgica, 58(1), 184–195. https://doi.org/10.5334/pb.450

Hoffman, L. (2020). Existential–Humanistic Therapy and Disaster Response: Lessons from the COVID-19 Pandemic. Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 61(1), 33–54. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022167820931987

Nakao, M., Shirotsuki, K., & Sugaya, N. (2021). Cognitive–behavioral therapy for management of mental health and stress-related disorders: Recent advances in techniques and technologies. BioPsychoSocial Medicine, 15(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13030-021-00219-w

Robbins, B. D. (2021). The Joyful Life: An Existential-Humanistic approach to positive Psychology in the time of a Pandemic. Frontiers in Psychology, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.648600

Comparing Humanistic-Existential Psychotherapy with other Approaches

COMPARING HUMANISTIC-EXISTENTIAL PSYCHOTHERAPY WITH OTHER APPROACHES

 

In a 2- to 3-page paper, address the following:

  • Briefly describe humanistic-existential psychotherapy and the second approach you selected.
  • Explain at least three differences between these therapies. Include how these differences might impact your practice as a PMHNP.
  • Focusing on one video you viewed listed below, explain why humanistic-existential psychotherapy was utilized with the patient in the video and why it was the treatment of choice. Describe the expected potential outcome if the second approach had been used with the patient.
  • Support your response with specific examples from this week’s media and at least three peer-reviewed, evidence-based sources. Explain why each of your supporting sources is considered scholarly. Attach the PDFs of your sources.

Required Media

  • Grande, T.  (2019, January 9). Theories of counseling – Existential therapyLinks to an external site. [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YvAvc2aWup0
  • PsychotherapyNet. (2009, June 29). James Bugental live case consultation psychotherapy videoLinks to an external site. [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zl8tVTjdocI
  • ThinkingallowedTV. (2010, September 20). James Bugental: Humanistic psychotherapy (excerpt) – A thinking allowed DVD w/ Jeffrey MishloveLinks to an external site. [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mjDNKGIvWPQ Comparing Humanistic-Existential Psychotherapy with other Approaches
  • NRNP_6645_Week7_Assignment_Rubric
NRNP_6645_Week7_Assignment_Rubric
Criteria Ratings Pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeDevelop a 2- to 3-page paper comparing humanistic-existential therapy to another psychotherapeutic approach of your choice. Be sure to address the following: ·  Briefly describe humanistic-existential psychotherapy and the second approach you selected.
25 to >22.0 pts

Excellent 90%–100%

The response includes an accurate and concise description of humanistic-existential psychotherapy and your selected approach.

 22 to >19.0 pts

Good 80%–89%

The response includes a description of humanistic-existential psychotherapy and your selected approach.

 19 to >17.0 pts

Fair 70%–79%

The response includes a somewhat vague or inaccurate description of humanistic-existential psychotherapy and your selected approach.

 17 to >0 pts

Poor 0%–69%

The response includes a vague and inaccurate description of humanistic-existential psychotherapy and your selected approach, or is missing.
25 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning Outcome·   Explain at least three differences between humanistic-existential psychotherapy and the approach you selected. ·   Include how these differences might impact your practice as a PMHNP.
25 to >22.0 pts

Excellent 90%–100%

The response includes an accurate and clear explanation of three differences between humanistic-existential psychotherapy and your selected approach. The response includes a thoughtful and throrough explanation of how the differences between humanistic-existential psychotherapy and your selected approach might impact your practice as a PMHNP.

 22 to >19.0 pts

Good 80%–89%

The response includes an accurate explanation of three differences between humanistic-existential psychotherapy and your selected approach…. The response includes an explanation of how the differences between humanistic-existential psychotherapy and your selected approach might impact your practice as a PMHNP.

 19 to >17.0 pts

Fair 70%–79%

The response includes a somehwat vague or inaccurate explanation of three differences between humanistic-existential psychotherapy and your selected approach…. The response includes a somewhat vague or inaccurate explanation of how the differences between humanistic-existential psychotherapy and your selected approach might impact your practice as a PMHNP.

 17 to >0 pts

Poor 0%–69%

The response includes a vague and inaccurate explanation of three differences between humanistic-existential psychotherapy and your selected approach, or is missing…. The response includes a vague and inaccurate explanation of how the differences between humanistic-existential psychotherapy and your selected approach might impact your practice as a PMHNP, or is missing.
25 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning Outcome·   Explain why humanistic-existential psychotherapy was utilized with the client in the video and why it was the treatment of choice. ·   Describe the expected potential outcome if the second approach had been used with the client. ·   Support your response with at least three peer-reviewed, evidence-based sources from the literature. PDFs are attached.
35 to >31.0 pts

Excellent 90%–100%

The response includes a thorough and accurate explanation of why humanistic-existential psychotherapy was utilized with the client and why it was the treatment of choice. The response includes a thorough and accurate description of the expected potential outcome had the second approach been used with the client. The response is supported by at least three peer-reviewed, evidence-based sources from the literature that provide strong support for the rationale provided. PDFs are attached.

 31 to >27.0 pts

Good 80%–89%

The response includes an accurate explanation of why humanistic-existential psychotherapy was utilized with the client and why it was the treatment of choice…. The response includes a description of the expected potential outcome had the second approach been used with the client…. The response is supported by three peer-reviewed, evidence-based sources from the literature that provide appropriate support for the rationale provided. PDFs are attached.

 27 to >23.0 pts

Fair 70%–79%

The response includes a somewhat vague or incomplete explanation of why humanistic-existential psychotherapy was utilized with the client and why it was the treatment of choice…. The response includes a somewhat vague or incomplete description of the expected potential outcome had the second approach been used with the client…. The response is supported by two or three peer-reviewed, evidence-based sources from the literature. Resources selected may provide only weak support for the rationale provided. PDFs may not be attached.

 23 to >0 pts

Poor 0%–69%

The response includes a vague and inaccurate explanation of why humanistic-existential psychotherapy was utilized with the client and why it was the treatment of choice, or is missing…. The response includes a vauge and incomplete description of the expected potential outcome had the second approach been used with the client, or is missing…. The response is supported by vague or inaccurate evidence from the literature, or is missing.
35 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeWritten Expression and Formatting – Paragraph Development and Organization: Paragraphs make clear points that support well-developed ideas, flow logically, and demonstrate continuity of ideas. Sentences are carefully focused—neither long and rambling nor short and lacking substance. A clear and comprehensive purpose statement and introduction is provided which delineates all required criteria.
5 to >4.0 pts

Excellent 90%–100%

Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity. A clear and comprehensive purpose statement, introduction, and conclusion are provided that delineates all required criteria.

 4 to >3.5 pts

Good 80%–89%

Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity 80% of the time…. Purpose, introduction, and conclusion of the assignment are stated, yet are brief and not descriptive.

 3.5 to >3.0 pts

Fair 70%–79%

Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity 60%–79% of the time…. Purpose, introduction, and conclusion of the assignment are vague or off topic.

 3 to >0 pts

Poor 0%–69%

Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity < 60% of the time…. No purpose statement, introduction, or conclusion were provided.
5 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeWritten Expression and Formatting – English writing standards: Correct grammar, mechanics, and proper punctuation
5 to >4.0 pts

Excellent 90%–100%

Uses correct grammar, spelling, and punctuation with no errors.

 4 to >3.5 pts

Good 80%–89%

Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity 80% of the time…. Purpose, introduction, and conclusion of the assignment are stated, yet are brief and not descriptive.

 3.5 to >3.0 pts

Fair 70%–79%

Contains 3 or 4 grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors.

 3 to >0 pts

Poor 0%–69%

Contains many (≥ 5) grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors that interfere with the reader’s understanding.
5 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeWritten Expression and Formatting – The paper follows correct APA format for title page, headings, font, spacing, margins, indentations, page numbers, parenthetical/in-text citations, and reference list.
5 to >4.0 pts

Excellent 90%–100%

Uses correct APA format with no errors.

 4 to >3.5 pts

Good 80%–89%

Contains 1 or 2 APA format errors.

 3.5 to >3.0 pts

Fair 70%–79%

Contains 3 or 4 APA format errors.

 3 to >0 pts

Poor 0%–69%

Contains many (≥ 5) APA format errors.
5 pts
Total Points: 100