The Opioid Utilization And HIV Transmission Essay Discussion

Use the biomedical library CINAHL Database to locate a single-study, peer-reviewed, qualitative research article. Use the biomedical library CINAHL Database to locate a single-study, peer-reviewed, qualitative research article. (An article other than a qualitative research article cannot be accepted). This article must be current (published within the last 5 years). If you need help with your search, feel free to contact the biomedical librarian via phone, email, or online chat. They will not do the search for you, but can guide you in being successful in finding the appropriate article through a search. The Opioid Utilization And HIV Transmission Essay Discussion

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Using the assignment instructions and rubric, complete a qualitative critique of the chosen article. This paper requires an APA Title Page and a Reference page.

Use Chapters 9 and 14 for more information/insight regarding this assignment. Also review this Sample Article that has been marked up to show you where different parts of the critique criteria are found. This should help you in identifying parts of the study.

Utilize APA headings that match the different sections of the assignment rubric exactly. Do not combine headings or alter them. Typically, this paper only requires Level 1 headings (APA Manual 7th edition, p. 47-49).

The body of your paper should be a minimum of 3 pages and a maximum of 5 pages double spaced (do not include title or reference page in page count).

Be sure to attach the article you evaluate to the assignment space as well as your paper. Attach the qualitative article and your paper at the same time but as separate uploads.

When I talk about phenomenon of interest (POI), I am speaking about the subject of a research article. For example, using the article linked to above, the POI are the experiences of caregivers who provide care to children with cystic fibrosis.

Peer-Reviewed Article Critique

Brief Introduction

It introduces the subject of opioid utilization and HIV transmission in the US. It elucidates an outbreak of HIV illness among individuals who inject drugs in a Massachusetts city between 2015 and 2018. Further, the article offers background data on the epidemiology of opioid use and HIV in the country and this particular state and the problems of HIV care and prevention among PWID. Notably, the opioid epidemic in the country has led to an amplification in injection drug utilization and an elevated likelihood of transmission of HIV among people who inject drugs. Nonetheless, when control metrics like syringe services schemes and community outreach have been found to reduce instances of HIV diagnoses. In the study, the Massachusetts Department of Public Health partnered with the Centers for Disease Control to conduct a holistic outbreak response, comprising lab and epidemiologic analyses. The Opioid Utilization And HIV Transmission Essay Discussion

Purpose

The purpose of this article was to describe, control, and manage an outbreak of HIV among PWID. Also, it aimed to elucidate the public health and epidemiology response to an HIV outbreak among individuals who inject drugs in an urban environment in Massachusetts in the US between 2015-2018. Remarkably, Alpren et al. (2020) contend that opioid abuse steered the outbreak of HIV and the linked high-risk injection conduct like sharing injection gadgets. Further, the authors also focused on the lessons and issues assimilated from the outbreak assessment and response like holistic and timely HIV testing and treatment.

Literature Review

This research study lacks a separate and explicit literature review section even though it cites and references over twenty sources throughout the introduction and body parts sections to support its claims and arguments. Some of the sources comprise past studies on opioid use and HIV infections in the US and reports from government agencies like the CDC. Notably, some of the topics covered by the literature review include the effectiveness and success of several interventions to avert and treat HIV infections among people who inject drugs like syringes and needle programs. Furthermore, the article’s literature review offers a strong rationale and background for its main goal, which is to describe and control an outbreak of HIV among individuals who inject drugs in an urban area in Massachusetts between 2015-2018. Further, it focuses on the urgency and significance of discovering and responding to such eruptions. Lastly, the literature review presented is well-written, organized, and referenced and it shows the authors’ knowledge and expertise on the prevailing subject.

Research Methodology/Approach

This article used qualitative interviews, meaning the methodology used was a survey through interviews. This method encompasses a research perspective utilized in qualitative research where personal interaction is needed and comprehensive and detailed data is collected from participants. In most instances, qualitative interviews comprise open-ended, semi-structured, and one-on-one, permitting probing and follow-up queries. These interviews are helpful when the preciseness of audience and goals is vital, and when engaged and honest answers are required. This means using this type of interview was critical to discerning the true picture of the link between opioid use and the proliferation of HIV infection. The Opioid Utilization And HIV Transmission Essay Discussion

Research Question

The research question for this article has not been explicitly explained although it can be deduced from the methods and purpose of the research article sections. After a thorough analysis of these sections, the research question can be: what are the social, behavioral, and epidemiological elements that led to the upsurge of HIV among people who inject drugs in an urban area in Massachusetts between 2015-2018 and what are the evidence-based and best strategies and practices to control and avert such upsurges in the future?

Target Population/Sampling

The study used a sample of 129 who met the case definition. Ninety-four individuals got an HIV diagnosis between the age of 20-39. The sample used was matched by race, sex, and age. Most of the people interviewed were homeless.

Data Collection

It was vigorous and all-inclusive because it amalgamated multiple data collection methods and sources to comprehend the drivers and dynamics of the HIV upsurge among people who inject drugs in an urban environment. This data collection allowed the article authors to recognize opportunities and gaps for the prevention of HIV and care interpositions. Qualitative interviews were used to collect data. Local urban center stakeholders helped the researchers identify the interview participants, who gave their consent before the interviews began. The interviews with participants and stakeholders elicited their experiences and outlooks on the HIV upsurge, the problems and opportunities of its care and prevention among people who inject drugs, and the suggestions for enhancing the policies and services for people who inject drugs.

The article concluded that many cases were homeless and reported injection drug utilization. Remarkably, the authors of this article executed several control and management measures like syringe service programs that decreased instances of sharing needles and spreading HIV infections among opioid users. Also, community outreach led to a decrease in new diagnoses of HIV. Finally, responding and averting upsurges among people who inject needs continuous observation, coordinated services, and community collaboration. The Opioid Utilization And HIV Transmission Essay Discussion

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References

Alpren, C., Dawson, E. L., John, B., Cranston, K., Panneer, N., Fukuda, H. D., Roosevelt, K., Klevens, R. M., Bryant, J., Peters, P. J., Lyss, S. B., Switzer, W. M., Burrage, A., Murray, A., Agnew-Brune, C., Stiles, T., McClung, P., Campbell, E. M., Breen, C., … Buchacz, K. (2020). Opioid use fueling HIV transmission in an urban setting: An outbreak of HIV infection among people who inject drugs—Massachusetts, 2015–2018. American Journal of Public Health, 110(1), 37–44. https://doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2019.305366 The Opioid Utilization And HIV Transmission Essay Discussion