The Use of Clinical Systems to Improve Outcomes and Efficiencies Discussion

Introduction

The ultimate goal of healthcare organizations is to achieve high quality of care while maintaining patient safety. Conversely, recent advancement in healthcare information technology provides multiple opportunities for the providers to transform healthcare and improve health outcomes by reducing human errors, tracking data, facilitating care coordination, and improving practice efficiencies. However, the successful acquisition and implementation of healthcare information technology requires the organization’s management to perform evidence-based research and determine the most effective technology. Clinical systems such as Electronic Health Records (EMRs) are one form of information technology that improves health outcomes among populations. The adoption of EMRs in healthcare allows for the safe storage of patient records to guide the provision of person-centered care. However, healthcare facilities must engage in more research to establish the impact of systems such as EMRs on the outcomes of specific diseases. The current literature review, therefore, provides a synthesis of existing research regarding the effects of EMRS on clinical outcomes of Type 2 Diabetes. The Use of Clinical Systems to Improve Outcomes and Efficiencies Discussion

Annotated Bibliography

Lessing, S. E., & Hayman, L. L. (2019). Diabetes care and management using electronic medical records: a systematic review. Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology, 13(4), 774-782. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1932296818815507

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The research article provides a systematic review of previous research to establish the significance and impact of Electronic Medical Records on Diabetes care and management. The authors believe diabetes management is a unique opportunity to determine the effect of Electronic Medical Records on health outcomes among various populations. A synthesis of different articles shows that EMRs provide physicians and nurses with decision support and communication tools that positively impact the care of patients with chronic conditions, including diabetes (Lessing & Hayman, 2019). EMRs have decision support tools that increase practitioner adherence to guidelines and processes. Examples of the tools include suggested treatment alternatives, reminders, and follow-up questions. Suggestions for alternative medications are based on specific patient treatment plans and how far patients are from attaining their health outcomes. The tools also assess the presence of comorbidities and alert healthcare professionals about any potential drug interactions. Additionally, the research finds that EMRs not only provide decision support but also provide professionals with data collection tools. They alert physicians of potential risks for diabetes development and identify adverse reactions to drugs. The Use of Clinical Systems to Improve Outcomes and Efficiencies Discussion

From the article, it is evident that EHRs are effective in improving the care and management of diabetes through the provision of decision support and data collection tools. The system also enhances the safety of care by identifying adverse reactions during the care and management of diabetes.

Pulleyblank, R., Mellace, G., & Olsen, K. R. (2020). Evaluation of an electronic health record system with a disease management program and health care treatment costs for Danish patients with type 2 diabetes. JAMA network open, 3(5), e206603-e206603. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.6603

The article aimed to determine whether integrating EHRs with diabetes management programs resulted in changes in healthcare costs for patients. The research employed a cohort design and recruited 33,970 patients to participate in the study. The study’s primary outcome was the overall healthcare costs, while secondary outcomes were other costs, including primary care, hospital, medication, and non-hospital specialist costs. Applying regression models to perform data analysis, the study found that integrating EHRs into disease management programs slightly increased primary care costs but significantly reduced emergency hospital visits. The strategy, however, had no recognizable impact on total healthcare costs among patients with type 2 diabetes. Therefore, the researchers concluded that considerable healthcare cost savings resulting from EHRs could only be realized in the long run.

The study shows that EMRs result in significant healthcare cost savings. However, the costs are not achievable in the short term. Instead, the system’s efficiencies arise from the cumulative cost savings resulting from reduced emergency visits. The Use of Clinical Systems to Improve Outcomes and Efficiencies Discussion

Custodio, R., Victorino, J. N., & Estuar, M. R. J. (2018). The efficacy of an EMR-enabled text messaging system to the expanded health beliefs, diabetes care profile, and HbA1c of diabetes mellitus patients. Procedia computer science, 138, 143-152.

The article assesses the significance of an EMR-enables text messaging system in improving the care of diabetes patients in outpatient settings. The authors believe that there is a need for healthcare professionals to develop novel methods that can help to solve the challenge of self-management among diabetes patients. Therefore, they sought to examine the impact of the Diabetes Self-Management Support and Education through Text (DSMSET) system in improving diabetes care profile, and expanded health beliefs, and reducing HbA1C levels in adult patients. The research employed a two-arm randomized control trial and used 122 participants to achieve its objectives. Findings from the study revealed that the use of the EMR-enabled messaging system improved the participants’ Total Expanded Health Belief scores, Likelihood to take action score, and Diabetes care profile scores. However, the group posted only a slight change in HbA1C levels. Contrastingly, the control group recorded an increase in HbA1C levels. Therefore, the researchers concluded that using an EMR-enabled messaging system generally improved the self-management capabilities of diabetes patients under outpatient care. The Use of Clinical Systems to Improve Outcomes and Efficiencies Discussion

The article provides evidence that using EMR is effective in inpatient and outpatient care settings. It elaborates that an EMR-enabled messaging system can be used to enhance the self-management capabilities of patients. For instance, practitioners can use the feature to send reminders to patients reminding them about their next appointment.

Senteio, C., Veinot, T., Adler-Milstein, J., & Richardson, C. (2018). Physicians’ perceptions of the impact of the EHR on the collection and retrieval of psychosocial information in outpatient diabetes care. International journal of medical informatics, 113, 9-16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2018.02.003

Based on the research findings in the article, physicians believe that EHR systems can be modified to improve the collection of psychosocial information and facilitate decision-making for diabetes patients under outpatient care. The paper aimed to examine the impact of EHRs in collecting psychosocial information among outpatient diabetes patients. According to the authors, psychosocial information provides a basis for understanding a patient’s barriers to the required quality and safety of care, hence improving decision-making among healthcare providers. The data is crucial for diabetes patients in outpatient care since health care outcomes among them rely on self-care behavior. However, the information differs from other types of clinical data, such as prescribed medications and HbA1c levels. It is extracted from a patient’s story and requires pattern interpretation. Hence, physicians believe that EHR systems can help to collect such information and improve the quality and safety of patient care. The Use of Clinical Systems to Improve Outcomes and Efficiencies Discussion

The article provides insights on the developments that need to added to the EMR records to further improve the quality of care for diabetes patients under outpatient care. It reveals that the EHR has great potential to advance the delivery of care to diabetes patients.

Conclusion

Research findings provide evidence about the positive impact of EHR on the care and management of diabetes. The increasing prevalence of diabetes globally necessitates healthcare providers to develop novice methods to improve care delivery and reduce emergency visits. One of the methods entails the use of EHR/EMR systems. The above studies show that HER systems have multiple tools that ensure the delivery of quality healthcare services and prevent the occurrence of adverse outcomes. Healthcare providers can also utilize an HER-enabled messaging service to enhance the capability of self-management among diabetes patients. The ability of such patients to care for themselves reduces emergency visits and the associated costs. Research also shows that EHR systems can be modified to enhance the collection of psychosocial data and help in decision making. The Use of Clinical Systems to Improve Outcomes and Efficiencies Discussion

References

Custodio, R., Victorino, J. N., & Estuar, M. R. J. (2018). The efficacy of an EMR-enabled text messaging system to the expanded health beliefs, diabetes care profile and HbA1c of diabetes mellitus patients. Procedia computer science, 138, 143-152.

Lessing, S. E., & Hayman, L. L. (2019). Diabetes care and management using electronic medical records: a systematic review. Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology, 13(4), 774-782. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1932296818815507

Pulleyblank, R., Mellace, G., & Olsen, K. R. (2020). Evaluation of an electronic health record system with a disease management program and health care treatment costs for Danish patients with type 2 diabetes. JAMA network open, 3(5), e206603-e206603. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.6603

Senteio, C., Veinot, T., Adler-Milstein, J., & Richardson, C. (2018). Physicians’ perceptions of the impact of the EHR on the collection and retrieval of psychosocial information in outpatient diabetes care. International journal of medical informatics, 113, 9-16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2018.02.003

New technology—and the application of existing technology—only appears in healthcare settings after careful and significant research. The stakes are high, and new clinical systems need to offer evidence of positive impact on outcomes or efficiencies. The Use of Clinical Systems to Improve Outcomes and Efficiencies Discussion

Nurse informaticists and healthcare leaders formulate clinical system strategies. As these strategies are often based on technology trends, informaticists and others have then benefited from consulting existing research to inform their thinking.

In this Assignment, you will review existing research focused on the application of clinical systems. After reviewing, you will summarize your findings.

To Prepare:

Review the Resources and reflect on the impact of clinical systems on outcomes and efficiencies within the context of nursing practice and healthcare delivery.
Conduct a search for recent (within the last 5 years) research focused on the application of clinical systems. The research should provide evidence to support the use of one type of clinical system to improve outcomes and/or efficiencies, such as “the use of personal health records or portals to support patients newly diagnosed with diabetes.”
Identify and select 4 peer-reviewed research articles from your research.
For information about annotated bibliographies, visit https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/writingcenter/assignments/annotatedbibliographies
The Assignment: (4-5 pages not including the title and reference page)

In a 4- to 5-page paper, synthesize the peer-reviewed research you reviewed. Format your Assignment as an Annotated Bibliography. Be sure to address the following:

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Identify the 4 peer-reviewed research articles you reviewed, citing each in APA format. The Use of Clinical Systems to Improve Outcomes and Efficiencies Discussion
Include an introduction explaining the purpose of the paper.
Summarize each study, explaining the improvement to outcomes, efficiencies, and lessons learned from the application of the clinical system each peer-reviewed article described. Be specific and provide examples.
In your conclusion, synthesize the findings from the 4 peer-reviewed research articles.
Use APA format and include a title page.
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