Cancer and Women\’s and Men\’s Health Essay

Write a 2 page paper that addresses the following: Describe available preventive services that providers might recommend for patients at risk of the type of cancer you selected. Explain how the factors you selected might impact decisions related to preventive services. Describe drug treatment options for patients diagnosed with the type of cancer you selected. Explain the short-term and long-term implications of these treatments. Cancer and Women\’s and Men\’s Health Essay.

Cancer and health

The selected cancer type is prostate cancer. Individuals identified as being at risk of developing prostate cancer are typically advised to engage in preventive services to reduce their risk for developing the condition. These services focus on making healthy lifestyle choices to include eating a healthy diet and engaging in a well-structured exercise program. It is important to note that these prevention measures do not really prevent the cancer occurrence. Rather, they reduce the risk of incidence. The first preventive service entails choosing a healthy diet with low fat and high vegetable and fruits content. A low fat diet includes avoiding dairy products (such as cheese, yoghurt and milk), oils, nuts and meat (Weinberg, 2014). This advice is based on the awareness that persons who consume the highest amounts of fats every day also present a correspondingly higher risk of being diagnosed with prostate cancer. High amounts of grains, vegetables and fruits are recommended for the diet because they contain nutrients and vitamins that reduce the risk for cancer while filling the stomach so that the individual takes in less of the unhealthy foods. The second preventive service involves maintaining a healthy weight with a BMI between 25 and 30 through reducing the calories intake and exercising. A healthy body and weight reduces the risk of prostate cancer (Seyfield, 2012).

The selected factors are food content, calories and weight. The selected factors influence prostate cancer etiology through promoting high insulin levels, oxidative stress and inflammation. The fat linked with overweight and obesity as well as high-fat diets causes an increase in inflammation and insulin levels through the fat oxidation occurring in the body. Through eating healthy whole food diets, individuals would receive more nutrients, low calories and maintain health weights that are accompanied by appropriate insulin levels, reduced oxidative stress and reduced inflammation, that ultimately result in reduced risk for prostate cancer (Palmieri, Bird & Simcock, 2013).

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Drug treatment for prostate takes the form of androgen deprivation therapy. That is because the growth of the cancer cells is facilitated by the presence of androgen sex hormones. This implies that the absence of the hormone would halt or reduce the growth of the cancer cells. Cancer and Women\’s and Men\’s Health Essay. There are four types of drug treatments available to prostate cancer patients. The first type is luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist that is presented and skin implants or injects. It blocks the testicles from receiving the signal to produce testosterone. Its short-term side effect is temporary release of more testosterone hormones that could increase the cancer cells activity. The second type is luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone antagonist (gonadotropin releasing hormone antagonist) that is presented as a monthly injection. Its side effect is severe allergic reaction. The third type is anti-androgens that block testosterone from binding to receptors in the cancer cells so that the cells growth is halted. The final type is combined androgen blockade that prevent both the testicles and adrenal glands from producing androgens. Although these drug treatments are effective in reducing androgen levels in the body, the cause notable side effects to include osteoporosis, muscle mass loss, weight gain, memory loss and cognitive dysfunction, depression, gynecomastia, hot flashes and sweating, loss of sexual desire, and erectile dysfunction (American Society of Clinical Oncology, 2018). Cancer and Women\’s and Men\’s Health Essay.

References

American Society of Clinical Oncology (2018). Prostate cancer: types of treatment. Retrieved from https://www.cancer.net/cancer-types/prostate-cancer/types-treatment

Palmieri, C., Bird, E. & Simcock, R. (2013). ABC of cancer care. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.

Seyfield, T. (2012). Cancer as a metabolic disease: on the origin, management, and prevention of cancer. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.

Weinberg, R. (2014). The biology of cancer (2^nd ed.). New York, NY: Garland Science, Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. Cancer and Women\’s and Men\’s Health Essay.