As a nurse or a nursing student, writing case plans and managing cases must be part of your routine. Case management is a process of recording, analyzing, coming up with a treatment plan, implementing the treatment plan, following on the progress, and eventually closing up on the file depending on the outcome. Case management nursing:

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What is the role of a nurse in case management? Nurse plays a critical role in case management this is because they are the face of a health institution. Right from taking temperature to vitals. They are charged with the responsibility of planning and administering the highest level of health service.

What is case management for a nurse?

This is the process by which a nurse follows a laid down procedure to help the client come up with a treatment plan to finality. The nurse is expected to follow up on the case until the patient gets better.

Case management is to do the process of assessing, planning, evaluating, implementing or administering, following or checking up, monitoring the progress, and giving feedback. Through this process, a nurse is able to effectively handle a presenting case to finality.

Case management nursing models

Different models are used by institutions under different circumstances and the as per the prowess of the case manager.  The circumstances could be dictated by financial stamina or the cases at hand.

These models guidelines and steps to be followed for effective delivery of the process to the clients. However, the case manager is allowed to combine the models dependent on the needs of the case at hand. There are four major models that are currently approved such are:

1. Clinical case management model

In this model, a clinical psychologist or a therapist is involved as the case manager. They are expected to create a treatment plan in a bid to help alleviate the patient’s treatment process. In the capacity of a clinical case manager, the counselor is expected to help the client go through the issues of life with positivity.

They are expected to handle the clients’ issues that might range from mental health, depression, substance abuse, anxiety, and emotional damage therapies among other counselor-related job descriptions. The patients are talked about the benefits of receiving the treatment administered.

2. The strength-based model

The major advantage of this model is that it allows the patient and the caregivers in this case the family a platform to learn thereby empowering the community. The slight difference in this model is that the client is encouraged to identify their needs and take charge of them even as they seek to find the perfect match for their need.

The case managers in this model do more outreach and community-based involvement as they empower the clients on taking charge of the lives and the needs that arise.

3. Brokerage case management model

In the brokerage model, a client walks into the facility and is examined but the treatment provider is outsourced. This means that the case manager has no direct link to the case.

The case manager is a link between the service provider and the client. In this case, there is less emphasis on monitoring and evaluating the client.

4. Acute case management model

Acute cases are more demanding and must be handled with utmost intensive care. Any slight miscommunication could cost a life. Therefore the case managers in this model must apply the most appropriate evidence-based practices to execute.

Advantages and disadvantages of case management nursing

In as much as case management in nursing is very important, however, there are the dos and don’ts that come with it. Below are some:

Advantages

• Because of its unstructured nature, there is room for creativity
• One can advance in studies to become a registered case manager
• There is effective and flawless communication between departments
• There is sharing of data and information transfer
• Creates a reference in future

Disadvantages of case management

• A simple mistake can cost lives and there is no room for mistakes
• Bulky work
• An intensive model requires a high state of being alert.
• Needs a level of understanding before implementation

Case management nursing for stroke patients

Stroke patients are treated as emergencies in the hospital. The model that would belt applied here is the model of intensive care. The role of the case manager is to ensure that the patient becomes less vulnerable at all costs.

The case manager should ensure that a proper examination is done before the administration of treatment. The patient and next of kin must also be taken through some education to know when to seek medical assistance. Matters like high blood pressure must be kept in check as it is one of the causative factors for stroke.

In stroke patients, follow-up might be challenging for the case managers especially after the patient is discharged but with the proper knowledge of the community, all are covered.

Case management nursing critical pathways

Critical pathway has recently been adopted as a way of patient management. This process has four major components that are the turnaround time, the required attention and caregiving, the short-term and the long progress of the intervention, and the follow-up if need be. The core of critical pathway management is that it focuses on the quality of the service and care provided.

Before taking the critical pathway, the case managers are however required to explain and give counts to:

1. The effectiveness of the time for hospitalization and how the importance of being admitted.
2. Have a thorough diagnosis of the patient and possible treatment with expected outcomes
3. They are to have a set goal to be achieved daily during administration.
4. Outline the timings for the daily administration

The benefits of case management nursing critical pathways are:

• There is a form of discharge for all patients from different institutions
• There is a well-coordinated interdepartmental communication
• The satisfaction rate of the patient is well taken care of
• Coordination of patient activities is well streamlined

Case management nursing in the community

This is the art of taking nursing services to the community. The case manager in this case can be the nurse or the counselor. The nurses are tasked with taking care of the elderly: screening them, educating them, and occasionally offering education on some critical topics.

Through these initiatives, nurses promote the importance of seeking health care services to the community. Thereby building a rapport with the community. Case managers may opt for free services as per their departments.

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Conclusion

A case manager is a very important part of a patient as they screen, test, diagnose, come up with an appropriate treatment plan, implement the treatment plan, and do a follow-up on the progress. The managers give proper feedback to the management.

Choosing of a treatment model may vary depending on the case presented, however, a case manager should be able to combine models if they deem fit.