Concept Analysis Paper.

CONCEPT ANALYSIS PAPER:
Choose a concept relevant to your nursing practice [present or future]. Following the guidelines given in Chinn & Kramer [Chapter 7], analyze the concept and develop cases: model, contrary, related, and borderline. The paper must be submitted through Safe Assign to check similarity index. The paper length should not exceed 10 pages.
Rubric Criteria for concept analysis paper:Concept Analysis Paper.

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Identification of Concept Background & significance of concept:
Discuss the meaning of the concept as used in 1 theory. 10%
Incorporate relevant research that has been conducted. Discuss why this concept analysis is necessary for nursing. 10%
Aims of This Analysis: Discuss what will be generated by this analysis
5%
Definitions:
Provide definitions for concept & other terms used,
including operational definitions as appropriate 10%
Development of Cases:
Provide cases: Model, contrary, related & borderline
30%
Tentative criteria:
Discuss criteria developed for concept
15%
Summary and Conclusion 10%
Clarity, logic, grammar, spelling, & APA format
10
Total 100%

Concept Analysis

Introduction

Self-care is a concept that is frequently used in theory and the clinical nursing practice and is regarded as an element of the Orem model of nursing, also referred to as self-care deficit nursing theory.   The concept is known as a framework, a theory, a model, a phenomenon, and a process and the concept is used in diverse perspectives including several health disciplines and nursing education, practice, and research.  . The paper analyzes the concept of self-care to offer a clear understanding of the concept and to distinguish the concept from other concepts related to it.Concept Analysis Paper.

Identification of the concept background and significance of the concept

The concept of self-care was pioneered by Dorothea Orem in the self-care deficit theory of nursing from 1959 to 2001. According to Chipu and Downing (2020), Orem defines self-care as the activities or practices that people instigate and undertake to maintain their wellbeing, life, and health. In spite of the definitions provided by Orem and different dictionaries, it is still necessary to explore and r additionally shed light on misapprehensions of what self-care means in the profession of nursing. The concept is recognized as a framework, a process, a model, and a theory. Additionally, this concept is utilized in diverse perspectives, entailing numerous health disciplines and nursing research, education,  and nursing practice. Concept Analysis Paper.

Meaning of the concept as used in the theory

In the Orem model of nursing, the self-care concept means the instigation of practices by a person to maintain their own life, improve well-being, and attain optimal levels of health. Self-care agency is an individual’s capability to engage in self-care and it is influenced by fundamental conditioning factors, including gender, age, patterns of living, health state, and sociocultural and environmental factors. According to Catalano (2019), in the Orem model of nursing, health is described as the ability of an individual to live fully in a certain social, biological, or physical environment, attaining a higher level of functioning that differentiates the individual from lower life forms. A healthy person lives life to the fullest and is capable of continuing this life via self-care.Concept Analysis Paper.

Orem notes that a person who is unhealthy have  a self-care deficit and based on this definition of self-care, adults will injuries and illnesses, as well as elderly persons, disabled persons, and children could be regarded as unhealthy if they are not capable of performing at least one key self-care activities. These activities are grouped into six categories: excretion of waste; food, water, and air; solitude and social interactions; rest and activity, maintain health state of the mind (mental status) while performing general self-care; and avoiding hazards to well-being and life.Concept Analysis Paper.

In Orem’s theory, self-care is a concept that has two parts. The first form of self-care is referred to as universal self-care and entails elements that are usually found in daily life that encourage and support normal human function, development, and growth. Catalano (2019) asserts that according to the Orem-self-care model, people who are health perform the aforementioned health activities so as to sustain a state of health and to some degree, all the elements are essential activities in the maintenance of health via self-care.  The second form of self-care, which is referred to as health deviation self-care occurs when the person is incapable of conducting at least one of the self-care practices. Health deviation self-care entails activities undertaken by people with injuries, disease, psychological or physiological stress, or other concerns related to health care.  Activities like joining a weight control program or health club or seeking health care services in a hospital are grouped under health deviation self-care.Concept Analysis Paper.

Relevant research that has been conducted; why concept analysis is necessary for nursing

A study by Leão et al. (2017) aimed at investigating self-care aimed at promoting self-esteem, subjective well-being, and managing stress among health professionals in a hospital environment. The results of the study revealed that the majority of the participants overlooked self-care, without them fully meeting basic human needs. Participants demonstrate deficiencies majorly in keeping sufficient levels of leisure and physical activities, nutrition, and sleep with half of the study participants reporting low self-esteem. According to Leão et al. (2017), in health organizations, professionals take care of and worry about rehabilitation of patients, endeavor to prevent health problems of patients and to ensure safety, but absurdly ignore and neglect their own health.  The disregard for self-care often is caused by lack of time to focus on caring for oneself aesthetically and physically and eats well due to work. Concept Analysis Paper.

The concept of self-care has been regarded as a luxury by professional nurses as evidenced by frequent utilization in clinical practice, and misinterpretation of the concept by professional nurses.  Chipu and Downing (2020) assert that numerous studies conducted to investigate how the self-care I s used indicate that the concept is majorly applicable in numerous chronic illnesses like cardiac conditions and diabetes, to educate, emphasize, and motivate patients along with their families about the significance of self-care. The principal focus of professional nurses is promoting the health of patients and disease prevention through supporting exercise and a healthy diet.Concept Analysis Paper.

Aims of this Analysis: what will be generated by this analysis

Concept analysis is a systemic procedure through which a concept is analyzed to recognize the dimensionality, definitions, and boundaries for the concept. According to Fitpatrick and McCarthy, (2016), concept analysis is aimed at differentiating characteristics between concepts. Concept analysis helps in clarification of overused concepts and offers a standard lingual for common understanding within a discipline. Additionally, concept results in a precise measurable definition of a concept and discovers gaps in knowledge and daps in measurements that must be carried out in future theoretical work.Concept Analysis Paper.

Chipu and Downing (2020) indicate that the majority of nursing professionals neglect the concept of self-care as they primarily focus on providing services to patients who are nurse’s first consideration.  .  This has led nurses to misinterpret and misunderstand the concepts of self-care and patient-care. Some nurses consider self-care as an act of selfishness, and this leads to stress and feelings of helplessness and worthlessness.  Analyzing the concept of self-care will therefore enable nurses and other professionals to better understand the real meaning of the concept,  its utilization, as well as the performance of self-care practice among nursing professionals.Concept Analysis Paper.

Definitions for concept and other terms used including operational definitions

There are different definitions of self-care. According to WHO self-care refers to the capability of communities,  families, and individuals to prevent disease, maintain health, promote health, and deal with disability and sickness without o with the assistance of a health professional.  The  Merriam-Webster dictionary defines self-care as caring for oneself, especially health care offered by oneself usually without the individual consulting of a health professional.  According to Chipu and Downing, (2020), self-care can be described as the decisive action that an individual instigates and carry out on their care without getting assistance or consulting a health professional. A person decides to engage in self-care within with self-care activities being integrated to maintain personal wellbeing,  enhance good health, and for lifelong development all through the life of the person. Self-care agency is the capability to practice self-care to fulfill the requisites for optimum human development and functioning. An individual’s self-care agency is affected by fundamental conditioning factors like culture, age, and gender can influence the self-care agency of an individual.Concept Analysis Paper.

Self-management, self-efficacy, self-monitoring, and self-compassion are terms that are utilized interchangeably with the self-care concept.   According to Chipu and Downing (2020), self-management is a constituent of self-care that gives empowerment to a person to have to control his or her health as well as control their individual conditions in nursing.  Self-management includes skills of self-regulation, like the capacity to manage changes in lifestyle and maintaining a proper level of disease knowledge, diet, nutrition, and exercise. On the other hand, self-care concentrates on everyday activities carried out by a person.Concept Analysis Paper.

There is a difference between self-compassion and self-care. According to Chipu and Downing (2020), self-compassion is being considerate and kind about oneself and being mindful about oneself in circumstances of suffering. Mindfulness, self-kindness, and common humanity are aspects of self-compassion. On the contrary, self-care involves practices of treating oneself compassionately and passionately.  Self-efficacy is the belief in the ability of a person to organize and put actions into practice while self-regulation is the effort that people make to have control over and alter their behaviors, emotions, and thoughts in accordance with requirements so as to attain goals of self-care without getting assistance from outside sources. Self-care consists of self-regulatory as well as restraining components, and are activities performed to be in charge of internal behavior. Self-monitoring is a self-care component whereby a person measures their symptoms and vital signs, individually adjust their treatment as well as lifestyle due to self-awareness.Concept Analysis Paper.

Criteria developed for concept

Concept definition is derived from the vital defining attributes and this definition incorporates all the defining attributes and explicitly excludes other aspects related to the concept. Attributes are features that make a consistent appearance when the self-concept care is being defined or present in the literature, and assist in the clarification of the concept. According to Chipu and Downing (2020), process, capability, ability, interaction, self-control, autonomous choice, and education are defining attributes of self-care.   As a process, self-care involves a person looking after themselves, distinguished by long-term personal benefits like emotional, mental, and physical well being.  As a capability, self-care is an activity directed towards common health problems, goals, and needs. As an activity, self-care entails, an individual practicing professional, social, emotional, and physical self-care practices are carried out

An individual takes an autonomous choice to preserve a quality life responsibly. According to Chipu and Downing (2020), autonomous choice entails personal aspects like family, leisure, religious activities, and physical activities, as well as activities of healthy living like preventative health consultation and healthy eating. Education on self-care is the core of the concept because it results in an increase in knowledge and health literacy,  self-care necessitates discipline, and self-control to attain particular objectives and to undertake physical activities like walking and exercise.  Interacting with health team members, colleagues, friends, and family members encourage professional and social support.Concept Analysis Paper.

Model case

The model case is a description of a practical example of the utilization of the concept that involves all the defining attributes of the concept (Fitpatrick & McCarthy, 2016).  Mike is a 50-year-old critical care nurse working in the trauma unit of a city hospital. He was recently diagnosed with hypertension. He is a widower of two teen boys still in school and he works a twelve-hour shift, from Sunday to Monday. He is overweight,  is always exhausted and stressed due he is always busy in the trauma unit. Mike always buys takeaway food for himself and his family due to lack of time to make a meal at home. Concept Analysis Paper.

Mike decides to take control over life and care for himself by engaging in physical self-care actions like using the stairs walking, eating nutritious meals, and getting enough sleep and rest (activity, self-control, autonomous choice).  He has also started being mindful and attending self-care wellness programs to gain more knowledge on how to lead a healthy lifestyle (process). He also starts going out with coworkers and taking his boys out for Saturday outings (interaction). He also starts attending church and becomes a choir member.Concept Analysis Paper.

Related Case

A related case is a case that is related to the concept but does not essentially involve the defining attributes (Fitpatrick & McCarthy, 2016). Ms. Sue is a 23-year nursing student who is diabetic and requires daily insulin injections.  She has of late been overwhelmed by her school work as she prepares for an upcoming examination. Sue is spending a lot of time on her and is frequently skipping her meals and when she eats, she consumes sugary junk food which is making her blood glucose levels to go high.  Sue also skips Sunday services in her local church, where is a choir member.  Sue decides to self-care by school-life balance. Sue starts planning her time by taking her to-do list and scheduling each task that she has to perform to a specific time during the day. Sue also starts talking to her family and friends when she feels overwhelmed.Concept Analysis Paper.

Borderline case

The borderline case involves some, but not all, of the attributes defining the concept under study (Fitpatrick & McCarthy, 2016).  Mr. Jack is a 40-year-old nurse working in the burn unit. He was recently diagnosed with high blood pressure and diabetes. His hypertension necessitates changes in diets while his blood sugar levels necessitate daily insulin injections.  Jack attends self-care educational programs, attends his clinical appointments, and daily insulin injection doses. The self-care education program teaches Jack how to control his diet, which has seen him reduce his salt and sugar consumption.  Jack does not attend church and he barely exercises, with most of the time driving to work.  On weekends, he parties with his buddies and takes alcohol. Concept Analysis Paper.

Contrary case

A contrary case lacks all the attributes defining the concept (Fitpatrick & McCarthy 2016). Mrs. Joan is a 36-year-old emergency department nurse She is overweight, drinks alcohol, and also smokes cigarettes. She misuses controlled drugs like morphine and is always reluctant to take her off days because it makes her unable to access drugs at work.  She barely interacts with family members and friends and declines to attend self-care educational programs or attend counseling. She is always purchasing junk food and does not undertake physical exercise.  She is now unproductive in her work and she is irritable and picks arguments with families and colleagues.Concept Analysis Paper.

Summary and conclusion

The concept of self is summed up as the process of carrying out actions to take care of oneself in order to preserve health without consulting medical professionals.  The self-care process entails an individual autonomously choosing to improve their health by having interactions with other people, including friends, family members, and colleagues, and obtaining skills and knowledge through education to improve the emotional, mental and physical well-being.  Self-care education programs are useful in equipping nurses with knowledge about health risks, health, and lifestyle choices, including regular exercise and a healthy diet.Concept Analysis Paper.