Discussion 2- Type II Diabetes Essay.

The necessary workup for the patient encompasses the criteria for diagnosis. The American Diabetes Association recommends that diagnosis for patients with type 2 diabetes should start with a hemoglobin (HbA1c) test to determine the levels followed by a plasma glucose test. A 2-hour glucose level test of 200 mg/dL and random plasma glucose tests are carried out (Punthakee et al., 2018). According to the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists, HbA1c tests should not be used as a primary criterion for type 2 diabetes diagnosis. In this case, HbA1c, FPG, and OGTT results should be confirmed by repeat testing if unequivocal hyperglycemia is absent. In case the patient has a level of HbA1c of greater than 6.4%, she will be considered positive for diabetes mellitus. Notably, all laboratory tests should be individualized, depending on the clinical status of the patient. Discussion 2- Type II Diabetes Essay.

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Several medications should be initiated for the patient to manage her blood glucose. Metformin is the first-line drug of choice for treating diabetes in patients with obesity (Kahan & Fujioka, 2017).The drug is effective in reducing insulin resistance and weight. It also improves glycemic control and absorption of intestinal glucose. However, its limitation is driven by the intolerable effects and numerous contraindications. Research suggests that the drug leads to a weight loss of up to 3 kilograms. Exenatide can also be initiated if the patient is intolerable to metformin. It is highly effective for postprandial control of glucose while reducing hemoglobin levels with an average weight loss of up to 2 kilograms. Sitagliptin can also be effective in improving glycemic control.Discussion 2- Type II Diabetes Essay.

Lifestyle interventions for this patient would center on the consumption of healthy diets and engagement in physical exercises. According to Leitner et al. (2017), obesity is a major risk factor for type2 diabetes. Therefore, weight loss is crucial for the patient. Health promotion interventions should encompass patient education to promote healthy behaviors among patients. Patients should be encouraged to incorporate healthy foods in their diet, quit smoking, and engage in moderate exercises.Discussion 2- Type II Diabetes Essay.

References

Leitner, D., Frühbeck, G., Yumuk, V., Schindler, K., Micic, D., Woodward, E., & Toplak, H. (2017). Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes: Two Diseases with a Need for Combined Treatment Strategies – EASO Can Lead the Way. Obesity Facts, 10(5), 483-492. https://doi.org/10.1159/000480525

Kahan, S., & Fujioka, K. (2017). Obesity Pharmacotherapy in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes Spectrum, 30(4), 250-257. https://doi.org/10.2337/ds17-0044

Punthakee, Z., Goldenberg, R., & Katz, P. (2018). Definition, Classification and Diagnosis of Diabetes, Prediabetes and Metabolic Syndrome. Canadian Journal Of Diabetes, 42, S10-S15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcjd.2017.10.003

Discussion 2- Type II Diabetes Essay.