EATING DISORDERS CASE STUDY
EATING DISORDERS CASE STUDY
What is an eating disorder?
Mental and physical illness that consists of disturbed eating behaviors
Commonly in adolescent girls
Treatable when correct measures are taken
Types of eating disorders
Anorexia nervosa
Bulimia nervosa
Binge eating disorder
ATI Nursing Education. (2016). Mental Health For Nursing. Assessment Technologies Institute, LLC
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ANOREXIA NERVOSA
Restriction of energy intake leading to a significantly low body weight.
Disturbance in one’s body weight or shape
Intense fear of gaining weight or becoming fat.
30% to 35% normal-weight people with bulimia have a history of anorexia nervosa (Gowers & Bryant-Waugh, 2004).
Gowers, S., & Bryant-Waugh, R. (2004) Management of child and adolescent eating disorders: the current evidence base and future directions. Journal Of Child Psychology And Psychiatry, 45(1), 63-83. doi:10.1046/j.0021-9630.2003.00309
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ANOREXIA NERVOSA
50% of people with anorexia nervosa exhibit bulimic behavior.
More than 90% of cases of anorexia nervosa and bulimia occur in females (Gowers & Bryant-Waugh, 2004).
Gowers, S., & Bryant-Waugh, R. (2004) Management of child and adolescent eating disorders: the current evidence base and future directions. Journal Of Child Psychology And Psychiatry, 45(1), 63-83. doi:10.1046/j.0021-9630.2003.00309
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Signs & Symptoms
Significant body weight loss. EATING DISORDERS CASE STUDY
Early –mid adolescence –puberty
Medical problems
Amenorrhea-cease of menstruation
Lowered body temperature
Hair loss
Lanugo-fine body hair
ATI Nursing Education. (2016). Mental Health For Nursing. Assessment Technologies Institute, LLC
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TYPES
Restricting Type: No binge eating or purging behavior for last 3 months
Binge Eating/Purging: Binge eating or purging for last 3 months
BULIMIA NERVOSA
Recurrent episodes of binge eating
Recurrent inappropriate compensatory behavior
The binge eating and compensatory behavior both occur on average of once per week for 3 months
Self-evaluation is unduly influenced by body shape and weight (Brown & Keel, (2012).
Brown, T. A., & Keel, P. K. (2012) Current and Emerging Directions in the Treatment of Eating Disorders: Substance Abuse: Research & Treatment, (6), 33-61. doi:10.4137/SART.S7864
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Signs & Symptoms
Recurrent episodes of binge eating
Compensatory behavior such as self-induced vomiting, misuse of laxatives etc.
Chipped, ragged, or moth-eaten appearance of teeth
Clients typically restrict caloric intake and select low-calorie “diet” foods (Wattam & Bell, 2014).
Wattam, J., &, Bell, P. P. (2014). Treating Adolescent Females with Bulimia Nervosa: Using a Creative Approach with Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
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Signs & Symptoms
Binge and purge syndrome
90% female
Physical as well as emotional. EATING DISORDERS CASE STUDY
Endorphins-high-reinforcer.
20% of bulimics show no specific personality pattern.
TYPES
Purging Type: Self-induced vomiting
Nonpurging Type: Compensatory behavior e.g. excessive exercise and misuse of laxative
BINGE EATING DISORDER
Eating within a discrete period of time (e.g., under 2 hours)
The excessive eating is accompanied by a sense of lack of control
At least once per week
Weight gain increases the risk ofof other of other disorders
Laboratory & Diagnostics Test
Physical and mental status evaluation.
Complete blood count (CBC).
Blood chemistries
Liver Function Tests: LFT results are minimally elevated
Standard Screening Tools
Eating disorder inventory
Diagnostic survey
Body Attitude Test & Eating Attitudes Test
MEDICAL MANAGEMENT
Focuses on,
Nutritional rehabilitation and weight
restoration
Family-based therapy
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)
Interpersonal psychotherapy
Nierengarten, M. B. (2017). When losing weight leads to eating disorders: Contemporary Pediatrics, 34(6), 25-30.
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Explain why this topic is important to you?
Learning about this disease helps friends and family members to gain a better understanding of why their loved one developed bulimia nervosa, anorexia nervosa, or some other eating disorder, and how to manage it (EDTP, 2018).
Eating Disorder Treatment Program. (2018). Clementine: The Importance of Education in Eating Disorder Treatment Programs for Teenagers. A Monte Nido Affiliate for Adolescents
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Nursing Considerations
Perform self-assessment regarding eating behaviors
Develop and maintain a trusting nurse/client relationship
Use a positive approach and support to promote client self-esteem
Establish realistic goals for weight loss or gain
Monitor vital signs, I & O and weight
ASSESSMENT
Family genetics
Interpersonal relationships
General appearance and motor behavior
Thought processes and content
Mood and affect
Environmental Factors
Temperamental
DIAGNOSIS
Risk for deficient fluid volume
Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements
Disturbed body image
Deficient knowledge
Why did you choose them for this medical condition?
PLANNING
Client will verbalize understanding of causative factors and behaviors necessary to correct the fluid deficit
Client will demonstrate weight gain toward the individually expected range
Client will acknowledge self as an individual
Client will assume responsibility for own learning
What or how would the Planning impact your care process?
No difficulties foreseen, other than the mentioned above, it is also an important nursing priority to provide support in the treatment plan and coordinate plan with order disciplines.
IMPLEMENTATION
What institutional resources played a factor in accomplishing your plan?
The nursing textbooks in particular
Nursing Considerations:
Monitor and record vital signs, status of mucous membranes
Note amount and types of fluid intake.
Measure urine output accurately
Nursing Considerations
Supervise the client during mealtimes and for a specified period after meals (usually one hour).
Encourage personal development program
Determine the level of knowledge and readiness to learn
EVALUATION
Identify one best practice that could impact your care for this patient’s quality of care or patient’s safety?
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What have you learned from choosing and presenting this medical diagnosis?
In summary,
Eating disorders can be described by a repeated disturbance of eating or eating-related behavior
That results in the altered consumption or absorption of food
This significantly diminishes physical health or psychosocial functioning.
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REFERENCES
ATI Nursing Education. (2016). Mental Health for Nursing. Assessment Technologies Institute, LLC
Eating Disorder Treatment Program. (2018). Clementine: The Importance of Education in Eating Disorder Treatment Programs for Teenagers. A Monte Nido Affiliate for Adolescents
REFERENCES
Gowers, S., & Bryant-Waugh, R. (2004) Management of child and adolescent eating disorders: the current evidence base and future directions. Journal Of Child Psychology And Psychiatry, 45(1), 63-83. doi:10.1046/j.0021-9630.2003.00309
Nierengarten, M. B. (2017). When losing weight leads to eating disorders: Contemporary Pediatrics, 34(6), 25-30.
REFERENCES
Wattam, J., &, Bell, P. P. (2014). Treating Adolescent Females with Bulimia Nervosa: Using a Creative Approach with Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
EATING DISORDERS CASE STUDY
