Identifying the Steps of the Quantitative Research Process.

QUANTITATIVE STUDY CRITIQUE

You will be writing a quantitative critique on one of the studies provided. You will critically appraise the study in a paper.
Choose One of the Following Quantitative Journal Articles:
• da Silva João, A. L., & Saldanha Portelada, A. F. (2019). Mobbing and its Impact on interpersonal relationships at the workplace. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 34(13), 2797–2812.Identifying the Steps of the Quantitative Research Process.

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• Dokun-Mowete, C. A., Sharma, M., & Beatty, F. (2019). Using Multitheory Model to Predict Low-salt Intake Among Nigerian Adults Living with Hypertension. International Quarterly of Community Health Education, 39(4), 245–255.

• Kashyap, N., Krishnan, N., Kaur, S., & Ghai, S. (2019). Risk Factors of Cervical Cancer: A Case-Control Study. Asia-Pacific Journal of Oncology Nursing, 6(3), 308–314.Identifying the Steps of the Quantitative Research Process.

Assignment Instructions
Read your selected journal article entirely.
Analyze the journal article and use the specific questions that are outlined in Gray, Grove, and Sutherland (2017) found on pages 445 through 449 to construct your analysis of your chosen qualitative research study. I WILL UPLOAD THESE PAGES

These are the main headers of your paper:
• Identifying the Steps of the Quantitative Research Process
• Determination of Strengths and Weaknesses of Quantitative Studies
• Evaluating a Quantitative Study
You have many questions to address in your assignment this week. They should be in complete sentences (i.e., bullet point responses are not acceptable).
APA 7 format is required. Page length, excluding the title and references list, is 5 pages.Identifying the Steps of the Quantitative Research Process.

Identifying the Steps of the Quantitative Research Process

1. Introduction

Kashyap et al. (2019) offers the results of a quantitative study to explore the risk factors for cervical cancer. The article is authored by four individuals who are engaged in nursing research activities are discerned by their affiliations with National Institute of Nursing Education and Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research in India. In addition, the lead author has a master’s in nursing education and this indicates training and experience in conducting nursing research.

The article title is presented as “Risk Factors of Cervical Cancer: A Case-Control Study”, a title that clearly presents the intentions of the article to assess the risk factors for cervical cancer. Additionally, the title indicates the research type as case-control study. Still, there is a need for the title to be revised to mention the research population as women aged 25 to 80 years.Identifying the Steps of the Quantitative Research Process.

The article presents an abstract that offers a summary of its content. The abstract has been presented with subtitles for the research objective, methods applied, results and conclusions drawn. In addition, it includes a key words section.

1. Research Problem

The research problem has been well presented, noting that cervical cancer is one of the most common malignancies among women aged between 25 and 80 years. To help with improving the management of cervical cancer, the study sought to identify the risk factors for cervical cancer that would then be targeted for effective prevention strategies and early detection. The problem statement condenses these ideas by noting that there is insufficient information concerning the risk factors for cervical cancer, and this limits prevention and early detection efforts.Identifying the Steps of the Quantitative Research Process.

III. Research Purpose

The research purpose has been presented as filling the information gap caused by data insufficiency on cervical cancer in Indian setting. The intention is to improve awareness about the risk factors to facilitate prevention and early detection efforts.

1. Literature Review

The article describes previous studies and theories. The introduction section of the paper explores the available knowledge about cervical cancer and its risk factors, then identifies the knowledge gaps that create a need for the present study. Still, the study does not make use of current literature. The article was published in 2019 but makes use of literature published as later as 1989, a 30-year gap from the publication date thus indicating that the information presented may not be current. The referenced literature is described, critically appraised and synthesized to indicate that although there are some speculated and known risk factors for cervical cancer, not much study has been conducted to characterize them. Overall, the literature review offers a summary of the current literature is provided.Identifying the Steps of the Quantitative Research Process.

1. Theoretical Perspective

The theoretical perspective has not been well presented in implicit statement. However, it is implied in the introduction with the presentation of the existing knowledge gap and study intentions. The framework is based on tentative theory that knowledge of the risk factors would improve prevention and early detection efforts for cervical cancer management. The framework describes the relationship between the concepts of interest by showing that awareness of the risk factors helps in knowing how to manipulate them to achieve the desired health outcomes. The framework is related to the body of knowledge by identifying the existing gaps and the need to address them.Identifying the Steps of the Quantitative Research Process.

1. Research Objective

The study acknowledges that cervical cancer is one of the most common malignancies among women aged between 25 and 80 years. To help in improving cervical cancer management, the study seeks to assess the risk factors for cervical cancer.

VII. Study Variables

Three independent variables were identified. Firstly, sociodemographic data to include age, type of house, type of family, number of family members, religion and education status. Secondly, personal habits to include bathing frequency, bath during menstruation, material used during menstruation, method of washing dirty cloth, age at marriage, washing genitals after sexual intercourse, and husband having other sexual partners. Thirdly, health services to include health facility within five kilometers, availed of health services, attended screening camp related to cervical cancer, and heard about Pap test. Finally, comorbidities that include STIs and genital warts. The dependent variable is cervical cancer diagnosis.Identifying the Steps of the Quantitative Research Process.

VIII. Demographic Variables

The demographic variables are identified as age, type of house, type of family, number of family members, religion and education status.

1. Research Design

The research adopts a case control study approach that recruited 150 participants, with 75 in the study group and 75 in the control group. Sampling for the study group applied total enumeration technique while sampling for the control group applied purposing sampling technique. The extraneous variables were controlled by ensuring that study group included women diagnosed with cervical cancer and willing to participate in the study. The control group included women who had not been diagnosed with cervical cancer.Identifying the Steps of the Quantitative Research Process.

1. Population, Sample and Setting

The study population comprised women between 31 and 70 years of age. The sample was recruited in two groups. The first was the study group that comprised women who had been diagnosed with cervical cancer. The second was the control group that comprised women with no history of cervical cancer. The study setting was the outpatient department (OPD) in Post Graduate Institute ofMedical Education and Research (PGIMER) Chandigarh. The sample size was 150 participants with 75 recruited into the study group and 75 recruited into the control group.

1. Measurement Strategy

The study made use of interviews as the measurement strategy. Data was collected using interviews between the researchers and participants. The reliability and validity of the interviews were not evaluated.Identifying the Steps of the Quantitative Research Process.Identifying the Steps of the Quantitative Research Process.

XII. Data Collection Procedure

The participants were subjected to interviews presented in Hindi language. Each interview was conducted over a duration of between 35 and 40 minutes.Identifying the Steps of the Quantitative Research Process.

XIII. Statistical Techniques

Data analysis was conducted using Chi-square test, Yate’s correction and multivariate analysis. The level of significance was set at 0.05.

XIV. Interpretation

The findings are related back to the study framework. They show a clear association between cervical cancer and the identified risk factors. The findings are consistent with the expected findings as they show that there is a link between cervical cancer and risk factors. The findings are consistent with previous research findings by showing that the previously identified risk factors can be targeted to identify high risk populations.Identifying the Steps of the Quantitative Research Process.

1. Study Limitations

The researcher did not identify any limitations.

XVI. Generalization

The study findings were generalized to show that risk factors of cervical cancer can be used to identify high risk populations who would then be targeted for prevention and early detection efforts.

XVII. Implications for Nursing

The study findings are intended to improve the efficiency of nursing services by identifying high risk populations who can be targeted using the limited resources to facilitate efforts to manage cervical cancer with a focus on prevention and early detection.Identifying the Steps of the Quantitative Research Process.

XVIII. Suggestions for Further Study

The study does not make suggestions for further study.

XIX. Replication

The researcher’s description of the study design and methods are sufficiently clear for replication. The research methodology is presented in sections that identifies the study design, sample size, data collection tools, data collection method and procedure, and data analysis method to help with research replication efforts.

Determining Study Strengths and Weaknesses

The study presents a concise title and abstract that offer a summary of the research. In addition, the introduction presents a clear purpose. Besides that, the methodology section offers a concise summary of the study design and methods applied in collecting and analyzing data. Additionally, the results section identifies the significant aspects of the collected data and presents trends that are relevant to the research objective. Also, the study offers a discussion that links the current study to previous studies, with implications offered for medical practice. Although the study has significant strengths, it presents four weaknesses. Firstly, the title is incomplete as it does not identify the research population. Secondly, the study does not make use of current literature with the oldest referenced material being published in 1989. Thirdly, the study limitations have not been identified. Finally, the study does not make suggestions for further study. Addressing these weaknesses would improve the article(Schmidt& Brown, 2019).Identifying the Steps of the Quantitative Research Process.

Evaluating the Quantitative Study

The study builds on previous research problems by noting that there is insufficient data regarding the risk factors of cervical cancer in Indian settings. It clearly shows that identifying this risk factors would be important for improvement early detection and prevention efforts. In addition, the study builds on previous literature by identifying their shortcomings as knowledge gaps that are then addressed within the study. Besides that, the study findings are examined in light of previous studies to show associations between the study variables. They show that there are clear risk factors for cervical cancer among adult women by making use of credible evidence as parented using statistical data. Still, the previously identified weaknesses present a concern as important information is missed. For instance, a complete title that identifies the research population is important for summarizing the research objective in the title. Another shortcoming that should be addressed is the need for suggestions on future research directions (Schmidt& Brown, 2019).Identifying the Steps of the Quantitative Research Process.

quantitative critique

You will be writing a quantitative critique on one of the studies provided. You will critically appraise the study in a paper.

Choose One of the Following Quantitative Journal Articles:

• da Silva João, A. L., & Saldanha Portelada, A. F. (2019). Mobbing and its Impact on interpersonal relationships at the workplace. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 34(13), 2797–2812.
• Dokun-Mowete, C. A., Sharma, M., & Beatty, F. (2019). Using Multitheory Model to Predict Low-salt Intake Among Nigerian Adults Living with Hypertension. International Quarterly of Community Health Education, 39(4), 245–255.
• Kashyap, N., Krishnan, N., Kaur, S., &Ghai, S. (2019). Risk Factors of Cervical Cancer: A Case-Control Study. Asia-Pacific Journal of Oncology Nursing, 6(3), 308–314.Identifying the Steps of the Quantitative Research Process.

Assignment Instructions

Read your selected journal article entirely.

Analyze the journal article and use the specific questions that are outlined in Gray, Grove, and Sutherland (2017) found on pages 445 through 449 to construct your analysis of your chosen qualitative research study.I WILL UPLOAD THESE PAGES

These are the main headers of your paper:

• Identifying the Steps of the Quantitative Research Process
• Determination of Strengths and Weaknesses of Quantitative Studies
• Evaluating a Quantitative Study

You have many questions to address in your assignment this week. They should be in complete sentences (i.e., bullet point responses are not acceptable).

APA 7 format is required. Page length, excluding the title and references list, is 5 pages.

Identifying the Steps of the Quantitative Research Process.