Impact of CPOE in Improving Outcomes Essay

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Impact of CPOE in Improving Outcomes Essay

Review the Resources and reflect on the impact of clinical systems on outcomes and efficiencies within the context of nursing practice and healthcare delivery. Conduct a search for recent (within the last 5 years) research focused on the application of clinical systems. The research should provide evidence to support the use of one type of clinical system to improve outcomes and/or efficiencies, such as “the use of personal health records or portals to support patients newly diagnosed with diabetes.” Identify and select 4 peer-reviewed research articles from your research. For information about annotated bibliographies, visit https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/writingcenter/assignments/annotatedbibliographies The Assignment: (4-5 pages not including the title and reference page) In a 4- to 5-page paper, synthesize the peer-reviewed research you reviewed. Format your Assignment as an Annotated Bibliography. Impact of CPOE in Improving Outcomes Essay. Be sure to address the following: Identify the 4 peer-reviewed research articles you reviewed, citing each in APA format. Include an introduction explaining the purpose of the paper. Summarize each study, explaining the improvement to outcomes, efficiencies, and lessons learned from the application of the clinical system each peer-reviewed article described. Be specific and provide examples. In your conclusion, synthesize the findings from the 4 peer-reviewed research articles.

Clinical systems form the backbone of the healthcare delivery system considering they are used in critical care, where practitioners use the system to access electronic patient records that they see at the patient bedside. Clinical systems are also vital in healthcare delivery because they provide framework for functions such as ordering medication, prescribing and dispensing medication, and information on patient drug history, interactions and allergies, among other crucial information pertinent to patient health. A significant implementation of the clinical systems in most healthcare facilities would be the computerized physician order entry (CPOE), which is a system in which practitioners, including nurses, case write their various orders regarding interventions, patient medication, and diet instruction, among other vital patient information. To understand the impact of the CPOE on patient outcomes and improving efficiencies, this paper provides an annotation of studies done that explore this topic at length. Impact of CPOE in Improving Outcomes Essay.

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Ayatollahi, H., Roozbehi, M., & Haghani, H. (2015). Physicians’ and Nurses’ Opinions about the Impact of a Computerized Provider Order Entry System on Their Workflow. Perspectives In Health Information Management, 12(1), 1-16.

Ayatollahi et al. (2015) conducted a research study to investigate the nurses’ and physician opinions on the impact of CPOE in their workflow. To achieve this research goal, the authors enrolled participants that included 28 physicians and 145 nurses, working in a teaching hospital. To analyze the data, the authors used SPSS after the participants filled in a Likert scale questionnaire. Based upon their investigation, Ayatollahi et al. (2015) found that the nurses and physicians had a positive opinion about CPOE and its enhancement of patient safety. According to the authors, the nurses and physicians interviewed also had a positive opinion about CPOE impact on inter-organizational workflow. It is important to note that the study revealed that the nurses were more positive about the impact of CPOE on workflow than physicians perhaps because they are more involved in the documentation process, than physicians are. The participants also had a positive opinion about CPOE because they felt it was reassuring to use this clinical system in their line of duties. Overall the nurses and physicians felt that using CPOE enhanced their productivity at the workplace by accelerating the completion of their daily tasks, communicating with other departments, and the patient documentation process. From this study, it is evident that the use of CPOE is beneficial to the healthcare organization workforce because it makes the workload bearable, ultimately, enhancing patient outcomes.

Lyons, A. M., Sward, K. A., Deshmukh, V. G., Pett, M. A., Donaldson, G. W., & Turnbull, J. (2017). Impact of computerized provider order entry (CPOE) on length of stay and mortality. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA, 24(2), 303–309. https://doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocw091

Authors Lyons et al. (2017) conducted this study with the aim of investigation the impact of the CPOE on patient mortality and length of hospital stay. To achieve this, the researchers conducted a 5 year study, where they evaluated about 66,186 patients and 104,153 hospital admissions before and after implementation of the CPOE. Based on their study, the researchers established that CPOE was a significant factor in decreasing length of stay for inpatients and their mortality rate. Impact of CPOE in Improving Outcomes Essay. The length of stay and patient mortality rate decreased in the medical and surgical units. Lyons et al. (2017) contend that the CPOE implementation in the healthcare organizations in which they conducted their studies is attributable to better diagnostic tools, changes in the insurance billing policies, using minimally invasive procedures especially for the surgical patients, increased knowledge for the healthcare practitioners, and more use of home health facilities. For instance, in ordering medication, the CPOE is critical in reducing medication errors and improving patient safety because the CPOE ensures that the providers produce legible and standardized orders, which also have clinical decision support tools that help nurses check for drug interactions. Therefore, the positive impact of CPOE is attributable the aforementioned benefits, hence, reducing the LOS for patients, and their mortality rate.

Pontefract SK, Coleman JJ, Vallance HK, Hirsch CA, Shah S, Marriott JF, et al. (2018) The impact of computerised physician order entry and clinical decision support on pharmacist-physician communication in the hospital setting: A qualitative study. PLoS ONE 13(11)

The authors in this study sought to explore the perception of pharmacists and physicians towards their inter-professional communication within a technological context, and whether electronic messaging was impactful on their perception. To achieve this goal, Pontefract et al. (2018) embarked on a qualitative study where the two hospitals under study used CPOE systems to facilitate the communication between physicians and pharmacists. The researchers used focused group discussions to obtain data from the participants. Based on their investigation, Pontefract et al. (0218) established that using CPOEs was associated with increased communication load for the pharmacists because of their inability to amend the electronic prescription, emerging types of prescription errors, and technical advice in using the systems.Impact of CPOE in Improving Outcomes Essay. Therefore, decision-making was affected because of the challenges pharmacists faced; however, the use of CPOEs was impactful because it facilitated non-interruptive workflows and inter-professional collaboration among the various practitioners in the healthcare organization. Overall, the participants strongly suggested a dire need for the CPOE functions to be designed in a manner which enhanced collaborative practice, through inter-professional training on how to use the CPOE.

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Prgomet, M., Li, L., Niazkhani, Z., Georgiou, A., & Westbrook, J. (2016). Impact of commercial computerized provider order entry (CPOE) and clinical decision support systems (CDSSs) on medication errors, length of stay, and mortality in intensive care units: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal Of The American Medical Informatics Association, 24(2), 413-422. https://doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocw145

Prgomet et al. (2016) conducted this research study to investigate the impact of CPOE and clinical decision support systems, which can also be found within CPOEs, on medication error, mortality, and length of stay in ICUs. To accomplish this aim, the researchers conducted a systematic review where they searched for English literature between 2000 and 2016 from credible databases, for studies that reported the results of using CPOE on the ICU population, reported data on medication errors, LOS, ICU mortality, and used RCT or quasi-experimental study designs to investigate this topic. Based on their systematic review and meta-analysis, the researchers established that CPOE systems were impactful in healthcare organizations because they were associated with 85% reduction in medication errors, and 12% reduction in the ICU mortality rates. Impact of CPOE in Improving Outcomes Essay. Some of the studies included in this meta-analysis indicated that a reduction in LOS, medication errors, and ICU mortality is associated with factors such as delays in medication administration since it is a physical process from the pharmacy, increase in time taken in entering orders in the CPOE located from patient bedside, and reduction of patient-staff interaction. Additionally, the results from this study augur with the results from Lyons et al. (2017), which indicated that one of the major reasons for enhanced efficacy of the CPOE in patient outcomes is the reduction in medication errors and length of stay in hospitals.

Conclusion

The goal of this annotation was to understand the impact of the CPOE on patient outcomes and improving efficiencies. According to Ayatollahi et al. (2015), nurses and physicians had a positive opinion about CPOE impact on inter-organizational workflow. Lyons et al. (2017) established that the use of CPOE helped reduce LOS and ICU mortality because of better diagnostic tools, changes in the insurance billing policies, using minimally invasive procedures especially for the surgical patients. This study augurs with the study by Prgomet et al. (2016) which revealed an 85% reduction in medication errors, and 12% reduction in the ICU mortality rates after using CPOE. Impact of CPOE in Improving Outcomes Essay.

References

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