Newly Experienced Nurse Responsibilities Essay.

The aim of this project is to discuss the global assignments and responsibilities of the recently trained nurse. The exercise will commence by briefly considering the transition from student to nurse and thereafter outlining the essential functions of the newly trained nurse and make an effort to fit them into appropriate professional skills. In addition, there will be a critical study of two jobs in greater detail with one of these focusing on Patient Group Guidelines (PGD), and justify their importance. We will check out some legal, professional and honest considerations before making a realization on the future role development of the nurse.Newly Experienced Nurse Responsibilities Essay.

The NMC require a student nurse to demonstrate professional and ethical practice, be proficient in care and attention delivery and attention management, and show personal and professional development to be able to join the register (NMC, 2010). On becoming a trained nurse, the anticipations and dynamics of connections changes fundamentally. Out of the blue the newly trained nurse is the main one who must ‘know the answer’, whether it is a query from a patient, a carer, a work colleague or students. The newly licensed nurse will encounter many challenging situations where they must lead treatment delivery. This includes dealing carefully management within the team, working with patients/service users, coping with other professionals, and working with the required needs of the complete office environment.

These changes require a big shift from the knowledge of being students and a mentored supervised learner, so that it is essential the particular one has all the skills required to efficiently make the transition. The newly experienced nurse must show they are really fit to enter the NMC register and for that reason be eligible to apply as a professional nurse. In every cases, the recently qualified nurse is seen as:

Provider of care

Educator

Counsellor

Collaborator

Researcher

Change Agent

Patient Advocate

Manager

The above are typically the roles of any newly experienced nurse that can be compressed in to the NMC professional skills requirements the following:

Maintaining criteria of care

Making ethical and legal decisions

Being accountable

Teamworking

Teaching others

Being in control.

It is recognized that there is a certain amount of overlap in these professional skills and that some concepts cross most of them, in that there are no clear lines drawn where one skill ends and another starts. For the purpose of this analysis, we will look at the issue of making ethical and legal decisions and the individual Group Direction.Newly Experienced Nurse Responsibilities Essay.

Decisions and activities are considered by nurses throughout day-to-day practice. You might not usually consider each of the skills or concepts in isolation with regards to particular happenings but would decide based on the factors adding to the situation. However, when analysing any situation, in the decisions made and the activities taken, some of the individual conceptual guidelines may be regarded and highlighted. For example, asking a member of staff to complete a task on your behalf is delegating. This matches neatly into management theory and also relates to areas of accountability. Doing a health and safety audit in the task environment might relate to management theory and responsibility used on. Completing a review of a person’s care and placing goals to them in multidisciplinary meetings might relate to team working theory. Reporting of poor routines or surroundings might relate with areas of accountability and retaining standards of care and attention.Newly Experienced Nurse Responsibilities Essay.

However, all of the above aspects could arise from analysing one situation where the nurse has to make decisions about a certain aspect of attention management thus emphasizing the great importance of making moral and legal decisions.

DECISION MAKING PROCESS

Nurses are problem solvers who use the nursing process as their tool. The principle goal of honest decision-making process is to determine right and incorrect in situations where clear demarcations aren’t visible, and then seek out the optimum solution. For a recently qualified nurse, the following will be a guide to making ethical decisions:

State the Issue – State problem clearly, determine if the problem/decision includes the nurse or only the patient, concentrate attention on honest rules and follow the client’s wishes first while deciding the family type in case there is unconsciousness.

Collect and Analyze Data – Know client’s and family’s hopes and all information about the problem. Keep abreast of any up to date legal and moral issues; which may also overlap.

Consider Options of Action – Most ethical dilemmas have multiple alternatives, some of which are more feasible than others. A lot more options that are revealed, the much more likely it is an satisfactory solution can be recognized. It could require suggestions from outside sources and other specialists such as Social employees etc.

Make your choice – The most difficult area of the process is choosing, pursuing through with the action, and then coping with the consequences. Ethical dilemmas produce distinctions of opinion rather than everyone is happy with your choice but it must be emphasized that client’s hopes always supercede your choice by health care providers but essentially, a collaborative decision is manufactured by consumer, family, doctor and nurse thus producing fewer complications.Newly Experienced Nurse Responsibilities Essay.

Act – Once a course of action has been determined, the decision must be carried out. Implementing the decision usually involves cooperation with others.

Evaluate – Unpredicted outcomes are normal in turmoil situations that bring about ethical dilemmas. It’s important for decision designers to determine the impact an instantaneous decision may have on future ones. Additionally it is important to consider whether a different plan of action might have resulted in a better end result. If the results accomplished its goal, the ethical dilemma should be settled and when the dilemma has not been resolved, additional deliberation is necessary.

Patient Group Direction (PGD)

The legislation (Statutory Instrument, 200a) state governments that ‘Patient Group Direction means – regarding the the way to obtain a prescription only drugs. . . a written path associated with the resource and administration of the description or course of prescription only treatments. . . or a written direction relating to the administration of a description or course of information only treatments, and which regarding either is agreed upon by a doctor. . . and by a pharmacist; and relates to the supply and administration, or even to administration, to individuals generally (at the mercy of any exclusions which may be set out in the Way). ‘

In practice which means that a PGD, agreed upon by a health care provider and agreed by a pharmacist, can become a path to a nurse to supply and/or administer prescription-only medicines (POMs) to patients utilizing their own examination of patient need, without actually referring back again to a doctor for a person prescription.

When can PGDs be used?

The regulation is clear that most care and attention should be provided on an individual, patient-specific basis, and that the supply and supervision of drugs under PGDs should be reserved for those situations where this offers an advantage for patient care (without compromising safety), and where it is consistent with appropriate professional interactions and accountability. The RCN interprets this to imply that PGDs should only be used to supply and/or administer POMs to homogeneous patient groupings where showing characteristics and requirements are sufficiently regular to allow them to be included in the PGD e. g. infants and children needing immunisation within a national programme.Newly Experienced Nurse Responsibilities Essay.

Which POMs can be provided or implemented under a PGD?

PGDs may be used to supply and administer an array of POMs although there are legislative and ‘good practice’ limitations in relation to manipulated drugs, antimicrobials and dark triangle drugs.

Controlled drugs – The usage of controlled drugs continues to be governed under the Misuse of Drugs Work 1971 and associated regulations made under that Function. THE HOUSE Office has decided to allow the supply and administration of chemicals on Agenda 4 (with the exclusion of anabolic steroids) and all substances on plan 5 to be included in PGDs.

Antimicrobials – can be included in just a PGD but factor must be given to the chance of increased amount of resistance within the general community. When wanting to draw up a PGD for antimicrobials, an area microbiologist should be engaged and approval searched for from the medicine and therapeutics committee or equal.

Black triangle drugs and drugs used beyond your conditions of the Summation of Product Characteristics

Black triangle drugs (i. e. those lately licensed and at the mercy of special reporting plans for effects) and drugs used beyond your conditions of the Brief summary of Product Characteristics (SPC) – sometimes called ‘off label use’ (for example, as found in some regions of specialist paediatric health care) may be included in PGDs. Their use should be exceptional and justified by best specialized medical practice, and a course should clearly illustrate the status of the merchandise.

How should PGDs be used?

The rules (Statutory Tool, 2000a) requires that PGDs should be used by the pharmacist and the physician who works with the nurses who will be with them. The relevant health specialist should also ratify the PGD. In Great britain, when PGDs are developed locally, HSC 2000/026 (NHSE, 2000) requires that a mature doctor and a older pharmacist indication them off with authorisation from the correct health company, i. e. the trust, and that nurses using the directions are specifically known as within the PGD and signed by them. The RCN acknowledges this as good practice and advises the next steps be studied throughout the UK.

The NMC Requirements for Medications Management (2007) state that ‘the administration of drugs via PGD’s may well not be delegated and students cannot supply or administer under a PGD. Students would however be likely to comprehend the principles and become involved in the process’ (NMC 2007).

Failure to see a PGD is the most appropriate route can lead to waste of precious time and tool and place increased risk on delivery and quality of patient treatment. Anyone associated with PGDs (whether growing, authorising or practising under them) should understand the opportunity and restrictions of PGDs as well as the wider context into that they fit to ensure safe, effective services for patients.

Any extension to professional functions in regards to to administration and offer of drugs must take into account the need to safeguard patient security, ensure continuity of treatment and guard patient choice and convenience. It also must be cost effective and bring demonstrable benefits to patient care and attention.

Any practice demanding a PGD that does not comply with the criteria comes outside of legislation and could cause criminal prosecution under the Medicines Act.

With respect to the written training necessary for the supply and supervision of drugs by non-professionals, Drugs Things (2006) (3) clarifies a suitably trained non-professional member of staff can only administer medicines under a Patient Specific Path (PSD).

Medicine Things (2006) states that: “Patient Specific Route is the traditional written instruction, from a doctor, dentist, nurse or pharmacist self-employed prescriber, for medicines to be offered or given to a known as patient. The majority of medicines are still supplied or administered using this technique. ”

There is little or nothing in legislation to avoid PSDs used to administer medicines to several known as patients e. g. on the medical center list. PSDs are a primary instruction and therefore do not require an analysis of the individual by the health care and attention professional instructed to supply or administer the drugs.Newly Experienced Nurse Responsibilities Essay.

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Pharmacy Only (P) and General Sales List (GSL) Medicines

Medicines legislation says a PGD is not required to manage a P or GSL treatments. The use of a simple process is highly recommended for best practice and from a governance point of view. All medicines administered must be registered in the patient’s medical record. In which a GSL medicine is to be offered it must be taken from lockable premises and provided in a pre-pack which is completely labelled and fits the GSL requirements. A PGD will be necessary for the way to obtain P medications by anyone other than a documented pharmacist. Recommend further advice to be desired from a pharmacist. (Ref: NPC PGDs 2004).

For safe administration of drugs, the recently experienced nurse must supply the right medication dosage of the right medication to the right patient in the right way at the right time. When offering medications, the nurse needs to be aware of possible interactions between your patient’s different drugs. It’s the nurse’s responsibility to protect the individual from harm. If indeed they think the incorrect drug or the wrong medication dosage has been purchased, they must require help from the nurse or the doctor in control. The newly trained nurse needs to know the doses of the medication that happen to be safe to administer. Sometimes the pharmacy gives out drugs in grams when the order specifies milligrams, or the other way around. They need to learn how to convert these.Newly Experienced Nurse Responsibilities Essay.

It is important to really know what types of dilemmas recently experienced nurses may face throughout their careers and exactly how they may deal with it. It is also important for nurses to comprehend what malpractice is and exactly how they could protect themselves from a malpractice suit. First of all, it’s important to comprehend the difference between law and ethics. Ethics examines the principles and actions of individuals. Often times, there may be no one right course of action when the first is faced with an ethical issue. Alternatively, laws and regulations are binding guidelines of carry out. When laws are shattered, it is punishable by an specialist.

There are four types of situations that pertain to legislations and ethics. The first would be an action that is both legal and honest. An example of this would be considered a nurse carrying out appropriate doctor’s requests as

ordered. A nurse can also be faced with an action which may be ethical but not legal, such as allowing a cancers patient to smoke marijuana for medicinal purposes. The contrary may occur where an action may be legal but not ethical. Finally, an action may be neither legal nor ethical. For example, when a nurse makes a medication mistake and does not take responsibility to report to it correctly.

The right of service users to expect practitioners to act in their best interests is reinforced by professional codes of carry out and legislation like the Mental Health Action. Additionally it is mirrored in equality of opportunity legislations like the Sex Discrimination Function and the Contest Relation Work, which try to ensure that everybody has equal access to and emerges equal good care by health insurance and social care and attention service.

Patient’s to confidentiality under statutory duties is stipulated in the info Protection Take action, Article 8 Western Convention of Human Rights, Usage of Personal Files Act 1987 and Usage of Health Record Acts 1990. The code does indeed require that nurses must disclose information if they consider someone may be at risk of harm based on the law.

As a nurse, respecting autonomy means you must effectively communicate with patients, be truthful, enable patients to make decisions widely, provide appropriate information and admit the patient’s personal preferences. Legally, patients must get enough information to produce a healthy judgement however we should remember that if nurses fail to adhere to the legal obligation of disclosure, they could face a neglect lay claim. However, under the theory of restorative privilege they can officially withhold information that they think will damage the patient

Some patients whether children or adults are not able either to make or even to speak their decisions therefore they lack (or have limited) capacity. The Mental Capacity Take action 2005 that create and clarifies the normal legislation on consent in England and Wales, impacts everyone aged 16 and over, and a statutory framework to enable and protect people who might not be able to make some decisions for themselves.Newly Experienced Nurse Responsibilities Essay.

The moral justifications for acting without consent will be the principles of beneficence (the work to do good) and non-maleficence (the duty to do no damage). Paternalism is overriding someone’s autonomy because you think it is for their own good. However, it is justifiable if we can show that the individual is at risk of significant, preventable damage, or the action will probably prevent the injury, or the patient’s convenience of rational representation is either absent or significantly impaired, or at another time, it could be assumed that the individual will approve of your choice considered on his/her behalf, or the huge benefits to the individual of involvement outweigh the risks.

Also, we stay in a contemporary society where needs for accountability and taking responsibility are so commonplace that pinning the blame on someone or something is becoming almost a trend. The NHS’ culture of blame has developed basically because no one desires to be accountable or in charge of activities or omissions hence there are no more any injuries or mistakes. Guidelines of beneficence and non-maleficence underpin the concept of mistake – which is placed in the centre of negligence legislation.

Beneficence means that you must act with techniques that profit others (i. e. responsibility to caution), and Non-maleficence means to have a duty never to harm others nor subject them to threat of harm. Every medical intervention that seeks to gain patients may at exactly the same time also damage them. Sometimes the damage will be unavoidable or even intentional with other times it can be unintentional and sudden, therefore it is appropriate to think about the ideas of non-maleficence and beneficence collectively in order to balance damage and benefits against each other. We can fix this problem responsibility and accountability. These words are occasionally used interchangeably because they actually overlap however in actual fact they don’t mean a similar thing.

Being responsible can mean that it’s your task or role to cope with something and/or that you have caused something to happen. Accountability on the other palm is approximately justifying your action or omissions and building whether there are sufficient reasons for acting in the way you performed.

Even where in fact the newly qualified nurse delegate tasks to others, such as medical auxiliaries or worry assistants she/he is accountable to the patients by having a duty of treatment, underpinned by way of a common-law duty to promote safe practices and efficiency, and legal responsibility through civil law, the employer as defined by your contract of occupation, the job as mentioned in the relevant rules of do and the public.

Conclusion

All newly experienced nurses were faced with assumptions from others that they must ‘know everything’. This was also a higher expectation that they had of themselves. In get together the NMC specifications of proficiency the nurse should have confirmed the relevant knowledge and skills in order to practise in their relevant specialised fields. However, it’s important to recognize that don’t assume all nurse has learned everything about everything in their field, particularly if they can be practising in highly special fields. What they need is to be able to develop and adapt to changing situations. Therefore, for the nurse it is impossible to know everything, however they should have developed the abilities to discover relevant information, reflect on it, and apply this with their practice. In essence they must have learned how to learn. There is a great deal to be discovered once trained, especially related to a nurse’s ‘new’ area of work and a good deal of the development needs to take place ‘on the job’.Newly Experienced Nurse Responsibilities Essay.