Policy And Environmental Issues Essay

The RN to BSN program at Grand Canyon University meets the requirements for clinical competencies as defined by the Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education (CCNE) and the American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN), using nontraditional experiences for practicing nurses. These experiences come in the form of direct and indirect care experiences in which licensed nursing students engage in learning within the context of their hospital organization, specific care discipline, and local communities. Policy And Environmental Issues Essay

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This assignment consists of both an interview and a PowerPoint (PPT) presentation.

Assessment/Interview

Select a community of interest in your region. Perform a physical assessment of the community.

Perform a direct assessment of a community of interest using the “Functional Health Patterns Community Assessment Guide.”
Interview a community health and public health provider regarding that person’s role and experiences within the community.
Interview Guidelines

Interviews can take place in-person, by phone, or by Skype.

Develop interview questions to gather information about the role of the provider in the community and the health issues faced by the chosen community.

Complete the “Provider Interview Acknowledgement Form” prior to conducting the interview. Submit this document separately in its respective drop box.

Compile key findings from the interview, including the interview questions used, and submit these with the presentation.

describing the chosen community interest.

Include the following in your presentation:

Description of community and community boundaries: the people and the geographic, geopolitical, financial, educational level; ethnic and phenomenological features of the community, as well as types of social interactions; common goals and interests; and barriers, and challenges, including any identified social determinates of health. Policy And Environmental Issues Essay
Summary of community assessment: (a) funding sources and (b) partnerships.
Summary of interview with community health/public health provider.
Identification of an issue that is lacking or an opportunity for health promotion.
A conclusion summarizing your key findings and a discussion of your impressions of the general health of the community.
While APA style is not required for the body of this assignment, solid academic writing is expected, and documentation of sources should be presented using APA format ting guidelines, which can be found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

Functional Health Patterns Community Assessment Guide

Functional Health Pattern (FHP) Template Directions:
This FHP template is to be used for organizing community assessment data in preparation for completion of the topic assignment. Address every bulleted statement in each section with data or rationale for deferral. You may also add additional bullet points if applicable to your community. Policy And Environmental Issues Essay

Value/Belief Pattern
• Predominant ethnic and cultural groups along with beliefs related to health.
• Predominant spiritual beliefs in the community that may influence health.
• Availability of spiritual resources within or near the community (churches/chapels, synagogues, chaplains, Bible studies, sacraments, self-help groups, support groups, etc.).
• Do the community members value health promotion measures? What is the evidence that they do or do not (e.g., involvement in education, fundraising events, etc.)?
• What does the community value? How is this evident?
• On what do the community members spend their money? Are funds adequate?

Health Perception/Management
• Predominant health problems: Compare at least one health problem to a credible statistic (CDC, county, or state).
• Immunization rates (age appropriate).
• Appropriate death rates and causes, if applicable.
• Prevention programs (dental, fire, fitness, safety, etc.): Does the community think these are sufficient?
• Available health professionals, health resources within the community, and usage.
• Common referrals to outside agencies. Policy And Environmental Issues Essay

Nutrition/Metabolic
• Indicators of nutrient deficiencies.
• Obesity rates or percentages: Compare to CDC statistics.
• Affordability of food/available discounts or food programs and usage (e.g., WIC, food boxes, soup kitchens, meals-on-wheels, food stamps, senior discounts, employee discounts, etc.).
• Availability of water (e.g., number and quality of drinking fountains).
• Fast food and junk food accessibility (vending machines).
• Evidence of healthy food consumption or unhealthy food consumption (trash, long lines, observations, etc.).
• Provisions for special diets, if applicable.
• For schools (in addition to above):
o Nutritional content of food in cafeteria and vending machines: Compare to ARS 15-242/The Arizona Nutrition Standards (or other state standards based on residence)
o Amount of free or reduced lunch

Elimination (Environmental Health Concerns)
• Common air contaminants’ impact on the community.
• Noise.
• Waste disposal.
• Pest control: Is the community notified of pesticides usage?
• Hygiene practices (laundry services, hand washing, etc.).
• Bathrooms: Number of bathrooms; inspect for cleanliness, supplies, if possible. Policy And Environmental Issues Essay
• Universal precaution practices of health providers, teachers, members (if applicable).
• Temperature controls (e.g., within buildings, outside shade structures).
• Safety (committee, security guards, crossing guards, badges, locked campuses).

Activity/Exercise
• Community fitness programs (gym discounts, P.E., recess, sports, access to YMCA, etc.).
• Recreational facilities and usage (gym, playgrounds, bike paths, hiking trails, courts, pools, etc.).
• Safety programs (rules and regulations, safety training, incentives, athletic trainers, etc.).
• Injury statistics or most common injuries.
• Evidence of sedentary leisure activities (amount of time watching TV, videos, and computer).
• Means of transportation.

Sleep/Rest
• Sleep routines/hours of your community: Compare with sleep hour standards (from National Institutes of Health [NIH]).
• Indicators of general “restedness” and energy levels.
• Factors affecting sleep: Policy And Environmental Issues Essay
o Shift work prevalence of community members
o Environment (noise, lights, crowding, etc.)
o Consumption of caffeine, nicotine, alcohol, and drugs
o Homework/Extracurricular activities
o Health issues

Cognitive/Perceptual
• Primary language: Is this a communication barrier?
• Educational levels: For geopolitical communities, use http://www.census.gov and compare the city in which your community belongs with the national statistics.
• Opportunities/Programs:
o Educational offerings (in-services, continuing education, GED, etc.)
o Educational mandates (yearly in-services, continuing education, English learners, etc.)
o Special education programs (e.g., learning disabled, emotionally disabled, physically disabled, and gifted)
• Library or computer/Internet resources and usage.
• Funding resources (tuition reimbursement, scholarships, etc.).

Self-Perception/Self-Concept
• Age levels.
• Programs and activities related to community building (strengthening the community).
• Community history.
• Pride indicators: Self-esteem or caring behaviors.
• Published description (pamphlets, Web sites, etc.).

Role/Relationship
• Interaction of community members (e.g., friendliness, openness, bullying, prejudices, etc.).
• Vulnerable populations:
o Why are they vulnerable?
o How does this impact health? Policy And Environmental Issues Essay
• Power groups (church council, student council, administration, PTA, and gangs):
o How do they hold power?
o Positive or negative influence on community?
• Harassment policies/discrimination policies.
• Relationship with broader community:
o Police
o Fire/EMS (response time)
o Other (food drives, blood drives, missions, etc.)

Sexuality/Reproductive
• Relationships and behavior among community members.
• Educational offerings/programs (e.g., growth and development, STD/AIDS education, contraception, abstinence, etc.).
• Access to birth control.
• Birth rates, abortions, and miscarriages (if applicable).
• Access to maternal child health programs and services (crisis pregnancy center, support groups, prenatal care, maternity leave, etc.). Policy And Environmental Issues Essay

Coping/Stress
• Delinquency/violence issues.
• Crime issues/indicators.
• Poverty issues/indicators.
• CPS or APS abuse referrals: Compare with previous years.
• Drug abuse rates, alcohol use, and abuse: Compare with previous years.
• Stressors.
• Stress management resources (e.g., hotlines, support groups, etc.).
• Prevalent mental health issues/concerns:
o How does the community deal with mental health issues
o Mental health professionals within community and usage
• Disaster planning:
o Past disasters
o Drills (what, how often)
o Planning committee (members, roles)
o Policies
o Crisis intervention plan  Policy And Environmental Issues Essay

Environmental Policy Essay Environmental policies are necessary in order to protect our ecosystems and for us to remain sustainable. Being as environmental policy attempts to prevent harmful effects on the environment caused by human interaction as well as making sure that changes in the environment do not have harmful effects on humans, there are bound to be advantages and disadvantages resulting from these policies. Having the viewpoint of an economist, environmental policies should be limited in order for our economy to thrive on the ecosystem services. If we have the opportunity to increase our dollar income, shouldn’t we take it? This question comes up when our tunnel vision only allows us to see the positive outcome which in turn, neglects the environmental effects on such policy. Bringing up the Cranberry lake example, the majority of the class jumped to defend the preserved land from the construction of a new mall. We felt as if the land was put aside for a reason, and the disadvantage of installing another mall would be the pollution emitted, the deforestation of the preserve, the disruption of the ecosystems in the area, etc. The only advantage, we thought, would only be the economy boost from the rise in employment, product availability, and such convenience. A rising question was there balance between the two? Also, how would you decide which was a priority? As a class, we decided that by taking into consideration of how much our sustainability now is faltering, and that the land was already put aside, the environmental priority trumps economic support. According to Gandhi, “Earth provides enough to satisfy every man’s needs, but not every man’s greed,” so in order to support our “greed”, or wants, our planet is suffering. Even though economic needs are important, but they are important to an extent. That extent is when they are compared to our environmental needs. Granted, policies limit substantial economic growth, but they don’t lower economic growth. What lowers growth is the depletion of resources, Policy And Environmental Issues Essay

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The purpose of the United States’ public policy law is to implement restrictions in an effort to solve problems, which can be seen with the Clean Water Act.
Public policy has also been employed to reform the Endangered Species Act of
1973. Although the United States government is noble in it’s efforts to preserve the environment through these acts, the internal structure of public policy often retards these acts’ effectiveness. This paper will explore the many ways in which factors such as horizontal implementation, divided government, and other forms of public policy affect the environmental legislation involved with the aforementioned acts. The main factors involved with the Endangered
Species…show more content…
And, of course, workset-like incentives such as taxes, fees, allowances, refunds, and liability are used to enforce the laws effectively. Policy And Environmental Issues Essay

Horizontal implementation refers specifically to implementation with the federal government, as opposed to vertical implementation which is at the state and local levels. There are several specific concerns with horizontal implementation which include the breakdown of coordination due to the large structure of the federal government, language difficulties, lack of control due to the threat of success by one particular agency, different perspectives, and direct change of intention due to factors such as voter pressure. It’s amazing that in the midst of all this that anything can be accomplished at all, but thanks to the drive to be re-elected, things have to get done on the federal level or else the person in question will be renounced from power.

So now that a foundation of the processes controlling these acts has been established, the question arises, what exactly is the Endangered Species Act?
As one author puts it, "The Endangered Species Act of 1973, perhaps more than any other environmental law, dares to draw an unwavering line in the path of
American progress. Policy And Environmental Issues Essay

Environmental change has become a major interest all over the world. There are issues arising every day concerning the environment. This has attracted interest of many nations and countries. Measures have been taken to address environmental issues and conserve the environment. Mitigation and adaptation are the most common measures that have been taken by most countries and nations (Rosenbaum, 1991). This paper will address some of the major environmental complications, and environmental politics and policies of The United States, Japan and Germany. Environmental politics examines the evolution of environmental movements, carries the ideas of various movements, cover the burning international issues and provide analysis of making and implementing public policy. Climate change and global warming are the main environmental issues facing the world. These are caused mainly by emission of green house gases. Climate change results to desertification due to shortage of rain. Developed countries are the largest emitters of green house gases, though; the less developed countries are affected more than the developed countries. This is because; the developed countries have strong economies which are able to absorb shocks that result from changes in the environment. For instance, The United States, Germany and Japan are often perceived to be among the leading emitters of green house gases in the world. They are however able to stand the effects of the gases because they have strong economies. Environmental politics targets mainly the developed nations not leaving behind the developing nations. For instance, The United States emits twice as much as Germany emits. The United States being the leading green house gas emitter should be leading in conserving the environment. However, the Bush administration did not stand ready to ratify the Kyoto Protocol. This protocol aimed to see the developed countries reduce their level of green house gas emission. Kyoto protocol advocated for mitigation activities that would help countries to lower emission of green house gas. The Bush administration opposed the mitigation activities.Policy And Environmental Issues Essay   They viewed it as a threat to the growing economies and feared the tradeoff that would result in terms of the American jobs. However, the Non-governmental organizations of The United States support the Kyoto protocol. For instance, The US Conference of mayors established a mayor’s climate protection center. They crafted it to mainly ensure the implementation of the Kyoto protocol and challenge the opponents. They also aimed at urging the federal and the state government to enact programs and policies that would USA to achieve the set targets in the Protocol. The Kyoto Protocol set a target of seven percent by year two thousand and twelve. The non-governmental organizations wanted to set up emissions trading, Carbon sequestration and public-private partnership. The non- governmental organization aimed at lowering the growth of green house gases by eighteen percent by year two thousand and twelve, promote international components and establish an important ground work for both current and future action through investing in science and technology. The US set two billion to cater for the program. Science and technology program would help them make better decisions (Desai, 2002). USA also has a nuclear power program which is a venture between the government and industries. This program was founded in year two thousand and ten. The government and industries share the costs that are involved. They aim to identify new nuclear power plants, develop advanced nuclear technology and demonstrate untested regulatory process. This will result into; an overall decrease in level of green house gas emitted. The US also has clean air rules which aim to improve the quality of air in the United States. These rules also address pollution caused by the transport sector by aiming at the reduction of gases emitted by the transport vessels. They also have a climate vision, which is a voluntary partnership. The industry sector and the business roundtable, work together, to reduce emission of green house gases (Lester, 1999). Germany on the other hand, embraced climate change action. It considered it as an important and challenging policy area that required much attention. Germany has been leading in the call for a reduction of green house gas emission by the industrialized industries. It has a policy to reduce its green house gases emission level by forty percent in year two thousand and twenty. Germany launched a feed-in tariff to support the development of renewable energies. It also hosted the United Nations Framework Convection for Climate Change secretariat. German launched and singed the Kyoto protocol. The main political parties in the country supported the climate change initiative, though; non -governmental organizations challenge the Germany government for setting low standards (Sachs, 2011). Germany is perceived as a role model internationally for its success and commitment in environment conservation. Germany has lesser non- governmental organizations than United States, though; its commitment surpasses that of United States. Japan has few non-governmental organizations. It supports the Kyoto protocol, though; not as much as Germany. It hosted the third conference of parties that led the formation of the protocol. Japan also ratified the Kyoto protocol together with Germany. It supported the global target of reducing the green house gas emission by fifty percent in year twenty thousand and twenty. Japan has launched a one hungered year plan to promote new technology and alternative energy sources. It has a green aid program which aims to assist developing nations to adopt environmental friendly technology. Policy And Environmental Issues Essay