Racial Inequalities And Poverty in Rural America Assignment

The Grand Final: The Sociological Imagination

 Sociology enhances understanding of various issues at the personal or societal level. It can be described as the systematic study of social interaction within a society. Individuals understand their connection to various groups by viewing themselves and the entire community from a sociological perspective. Additionally, the society can be viewed from the dimension of a sociological problem. This perspective presents society as a dimension of experience associated with predictable and regular behavior patterns. Therefore, sociology can resolve various public policy issues, including housing welfare, health issues, increased crime rates, and high poverty levels. While the concept of sociology is broad, this paper focuses on the concept of social imagination as defined by C. Wright Mills and its application in Racial Inequalities And Poverty in Rural America Assignment

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The Concept of the Sociological Imagination

1962. Wright Mills is one of the greatest contemporary sociologists who significantly impacted society members’ daily lives. He established the sociological imagination concept between 1916 and 1962. His ideas and thoughts provide individuals with a framework for understanding their social world beyond the notion or sense they can derive from their limited social experiences. He states, “Neither the life of an individual nor the history of a society can be understood without understanding both” (Mills 105). Mills describes sociological imagination as connecting personal challenges and issues in the larger society. He considers “troubles” and “issues” as personal challenges and larger social problems, respectively. Mills further describes “troubles” as biography, while he referred to “issues” as history. Individuals can view relationships between their personal lives (biography) and events or their society (history) and events through Mills’ sociological imagination. This sociologist claims that the sociological imagination exceeds a theoretical concept. For this reason, he describes it as a “Promise.” The sociological imagination promise allows persons to figure out their positions in the larger social and the broader historical context. Mills states that persons living in contemporary society consider their private lives a series of “traps” (p. 3). Therefore, the sociological imagination promise enables individuals to understand these traps better and establish whether they are private or originate from broader historical or social forces. Racial Inequalities And Poverty in Rural America Assignment

Mills uses two significant concepts to describe the sociological imagination. The first perspective is personal troubles or private problems, which Mills describes as individuals’ experiences within their character and immediate relationships. He emphasizes that individuals are actors and actresses in their lives. Thus, they can make the most significant decisions concerning their careers, friends, education, family, groups, or social life, among other things within their control. Individuals have a relatively high degree of influence on the outcome of various matters on their personal level. For instance, an employee who spends over 70% of his salary on alcohol or other drugs has personal trouble that jeopardizes his likelihood of owning quality housing. However, the matter is considered a larger social issue if over 50% of community members live in poor housing. Therefore, Mill’s perspective allows individuals to understand how their personal experiences relate to their larger society. Racial Inequalities And Poverty in Rural America Assignment

Additionally, Mills explains the sociological imagination concept based on public or larger social issues. Mills describes social issues as matters beyond an individual’s control and not part of one’s inner life. These broader matters include organizational activities and processes with deep roots in society instead of an individual’s life. For instance, in “Killing Us Softly IV,” women’s sexualized images are used to sell various types of goods virtually. Kilbourne considers this type of advertising as objectifying, superficial, and a portrayal of a fake image of women, which degrades them, lowers their self-esteem, reinforces the patriarchal nature, encourages women’s abuse, and creates a sexist society. Therefore, this practice is a larger social issue. Another social issue is presented in the “Inequality for All,” which focuses on the United States’ widening income inequality. A significant economic gap between 1% of top Americans and middle-to-low-class citizens persisted from 1928 to 2007. Reich claims this high inequality in capitalism incentivizes Americans to work harder to reduce the inequality gap. On the other hand, Reich urges the U.S. government to lower economic inequality to a level that protects the country’s democracy, increasing taxes and wages. Consequently, the government will have more investment programs. Additionally, the percentage of college-educated Americans and consumer spending would increase in the U.S., creating more jobs for citizens. Racial Inequalities And Poverty in Rural America Assignment

Applying the Sociological Imagination Concept in Racial Inequalities

Mills primarily developed the sociological imagination concept to allow an individual to relate their struggle with a particular issue in the larger society. In other words, the sociological imagination concept enables individuals to understand the impact of social forces on their lives. Therefore, people observe and apply this concept in their daily lives frequently. Consequently, individuals should not blame themselves for their struggle but rather consider the trouble a public or societal issue. For instance, the Stanford Prison Experiment conducted in 1971 demonstrated the concept of sociological imagination. The experiment involved 24 middle-class healthy male university students. These students participated in a simulated jail environment to evaluate the impact of social roles and social settings on an individual’s behavior or psychology. Racial Inequalities And Poverty in Rural America Assignment

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The sociological imagination concept can be applied to racial inequalities. Racial inequalities are a significant social or public issue in American society (Harvey, 141). In the U. S., racial disparities are reported in poverty rates, wealth and income levels, housing patterns, unemployment rates, educational opportunities, and incarceration rates. Most individuals from racial minorities from rural areas live below the poverty line (Harvey, 146). Consequently, these individuals are prone to poor living conditions. Most members of racial minority groups blame themselves for their challenging lives. Nonetheless, the victims of racial inequality can apply the sociological imagination to understand how the larger American society contributes to their troubles. The U.S. society has discriminated against people from minority ethnic groups due to their origin and background since the era of the slave trade. Minorities are still viewed as “Slaves” in American society despite the abolition of the slave trade 200 years ago. For this reason, minorities are given lower wages than their counter whites despite having the same qualifications and performing an equal workload. Consequently, members of minority racial groups are predisposed to low socioeconomic status and high poverty levels. The sociological imagination concept will enable an individual from a minority racial group to understand that unemployment or poor living standards are not a personal problem but a larger social issue affecting the entire ethnic population. Racial Inequalities And Poverty in Rural America Assignment

Racial inequality was demonstrated in the Bike Theft or Ethnicity/ Gender Experiment conducted in 2010. The experiment involved a white and black young male actors dressed similarly. They took turns plotting to steal a bike in a public park. The bike’s owner had chained it to a post. The two actors alternated in hacksawing their way to access the bike lock. They repeated this plot several times, and approximately 100 people witnessed every case. The findings indicated that only 1 out of 100 people stepped in when the white actor was engaged in bike theft. Others only asked the actor if it was his bike and laughed it off when he responded it wasn’t. However, a crowd gathered within some seconds to stop the black actor when he was doing the same thing. Some individuals even attempted to contact the police. A similar thing happened when the experiment was repeated. An attractive young steps in as the third actor towards the end of the experiment. Surprisingly, people who were passing by assisted her in stealing the bike. Therefore, this experiment portrays racial inequality as a larger social issue that individuals from ethnic minority groups cannot control. Racial Inequalities And Poverty in Rural America Assignment

Overall, the sociological imagination concept enhances individuals’ understanding of the effect of the broader society on their lives. Individuals have control over their personal lives or things that happen within their inner circle. They should make decisions that give the best outcomes at the personal level. Nonetheless, individuals cannot change or influence the larger society. Thus, one cannot resolve challenges at the personal level if they arise from the larger society.

Work Cited

Andrews, Christopher. “Sociological Imagination.” The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Sociology (2007).

Harvey, Mark H. “Racial inequalities and poverty in rural America.” Rural poverty in the United States. Columbia University Press, 2017. 141-162.

Kilbourne, Killing Us Softly 4: Advertising’s Image of Women. Northampton, MA, Media Education Foundation, 2010.

Kornbluth, Jacob, et al. Inequality for All. Educational edition. 2013.

Mills, C. Wright. “The sociological imagination.” Social Work. Routledge, 2023. 105-108. Racial Inequalities And Poverty in Rural America Assignment