Sickle-cell Disease

The nurse is administering packed red blood cells to a child with sickle-cell disease (SCD). The nurse knows that a transfusion reaction will most likely occur:
44. A 2 year old postoperative patients IV has infiltrated, and has to be restarted immediately for medication There is no time for placing local anaesthetic cream on the skin. What other complementary therapies would be most helpful when placing this IV?Sickle-cell Disease Essay

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45.A nursing supervisor assigns a float nurse in an adult medical/surgical unit to work in a pediatric unit. This is the nurses first time in a pediatric setting. Which of the following is an appropriate assignment for the nurse?
46. A mother brings her 4-week-old infant for the first well-child visit and tells the nurse that the baby is not smiling. Which information should the nurse provide?
47. A toddler is scheduled for a myringotomy and tympanostomy tube insertion. Which statement by the mother would best indicate she has understood the surgeons explanation of this procedure ?Sickle-cell Disease Essay
48. The parents of newborn with ventricular septal defect ask why their baby is sent home instead of undergoing immediate open heart surgery. The nurse’s best response is:
49. A nurse is caring for an 8-year-old client admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of acute rheumatic fever. Which of the following nursing assessments is most important immediately after admission?
50. A 4-year-old has been diagnosed with amblyopia. The nurse who is providing the parents with information about this diagnosis should include which of the following items of information?
51.The prescriber ordered 68 mcg po of digoxin (Lanoxin). Is this a safe dose for an infant who weighs 6.8 kg, and the recommended dose is 10 mcg/kg?
52. A adolescent female client is angry due to separation from her infant at homewith relatives and is leaving the hospital against medical advice (AMA). However the client demands to take her chart with her and states the chart is “hers” and she doesn’t want any more contact with the hospital. How should the nurse respond?Sickle-cell Disease Essay
53. The nurse is teaching the parents of a group of cardiac patients. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in her/his teaching session with the parents?You must proofread your paper. But do not strictly rely on your computer’s spell-checker and grammar-checker; failure to do so indicates a lack of effort on your part and you can expect your grade to suffer accordingly. Papers with numerous misspelled words and grammatical mistakes will be penalized. Read over your paper – in silence and then aloud – before handing it in and make corrections as necessary. Often it is advantageous to have a friend proofread your paper for obvious errors. Handwritten corrections are preferable to uncorrected mistakes.
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Sickle Cell Disease is a genetic disorder in which the body produces sickled shaped red blood cells. In sickle cell disease, or SCD, the hemoglobin in red blood cells groups together. This causes red blood cells to become stiff and C-shaped. These sickled cells prevent blood and oxygen flow in blood vessels, and collect in the blood vessels of the limbs and organs, impeading proper oxygenation of the blood. The most common signs and symptoms are linked to anemia and pain. Other signs and symptoms are linked to the disease’s complications. Sickle Cell Disease is most common in people whose families come from Africa, South or Central America (especially Panama) Sickle-cell Disease Essay
There also are a few rare types of SCD: HbSD, HbSE, and HbSO. People who have these forms of SCD inherit one sickle cell gene (“S”) and one gene from an abnormal type of hemoglobin (“D”, “E”, or “O). The severity of these rarer types of SCD varies. Sickle cell anemia can lead to a host of complications. The following describes some of the symptoms of those stricken with SCD: Stroke. A stroke can occur if sickle cells block blood flow to an area of your brain. Acute chest syndrome. This life-threatening complication of sickle cell anemia causes chest pain, fever and difficulty breathing. Pulmonary hypertension. Shortness of breath and difficulty breathing are common symptoms of this condition, which can be fatal. Organ damage. Sickle cells may impede blood flow through blood vessels, immediately depriving an organ of blood and oxygen. Chronic deprivation of oxygen-rich blood can damage nerves and organs in your body, including your kidneys, liver and spleen. Blindness. Tiny blood vessels that supply your eyes can get blocked by sickle cells. This can damage the retina, the portion of the eye that processes visual images, over time. Gallstones. Sickle-cell Disease Essay