The Biologic Basis For Disease Essay Assignment Paper

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The Biologic Basis For Disease Essay Assignment Paper

 

Case Scenario

A 42-year-old man comes to clinic with chief complaint of pain, redness, and swelling of his right calf. He states that he had been working in his yard using a string trimmer when the trimmer slipped and cut his leg. He cleaned the wound with water from the garden hose and covered the wound with a large Band-Aid. Several days later, he developed fever to 100.6˚ F and chills and noticed that his leg was swollen and red. He comes to the emergency department for definitive care. The Biologic Basis For Disease Essay Assignment Paper

 

INSTRUCTIONS:

An understanding of cells and cell behavior is a critically important component of disease diagnosis and treatment. But some diseases can be complex in nature, with a variety of factors and circumstances impacting their emergence and severity.

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Effective disease analysis often requires an understanding that goes beyond isolated cell behavior. Genes, the environments in which cell processes operate, the impact of patient characteristics, and racial and ethnic variables all can have an important impact.

An understanding of the signals and symptoms of alterations in cellular processes is a critical step in the diagnosis and treatment of many diseases. For APRNs, this understanding can also help educate patients and guide them through their treatment plans.

In this Assignment, you examine a case study and analyze the symptoms presented. You identify cell, gene, and/or process elements that may be factors in the diagnosis, and you explain the implications to patient health. The Biologic Basis For Disease Essay Assignment Paper

 

The Assignment

Develop a 1- to 2-page case study analysis in which you:

  • Explain why you think the patient presented the symptoms described.
  • Identify the genes that may be associated with the development of the disease.
  • Explain the process of immunosuppression and the effect it has on body systems.

 

Reminder: The College of Nursing requires that all papers submitted include a title page, introduction, summary, and references. The sample paper provided at the Walden Writing Center provides an example of those required elements (available at https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/writingcenter/templatesLinks to an external site.). All papers submitted must use this formatting.

 

REQUIRED READING:

  • McCance, K. L. & Huether, S. E. (2019). Pathophysiology: The biologic basis for disease in adults and children (8th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Mosby/Elsevier.
    • Chapter 7: Innate Immunity: Inflammation and Wound Healing
    • Chapter 8: Adaptive Immunity (stop at Generation of clonal diversity); Summary Review
    • Chapter 9: Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation (stop at Deficiencies in immunity); Summary Review
    • Chapter 10: Infection (stop at Infectious parasites and protozoans); (start at HIV); Summary Review
    • Chapter 11: Stress and Disease (stop at Stress, illness & coping); Summary Review The Biologic Basis For Disease Essay Assignment Paper
    • Chapter 12: Cancer Biology (stop at Resistance to destruction); Summary Review
    • Chapter 13: Cancer Epidemiology (stop at Environmental-Lifestyle factors); Summary Review
  • Justiz-Vaillant, A. A., & Zito, P. M. (2019). Immediate hypersensitivity reactionsLinks to an external site.. In StatPearls. Treasure Island, FL: StatPearls Publishing. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK513315/

​Credit Line: Immediate Hypersensitivity Reactions – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf. (2019, June 18). Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK513315/. Used with permission of Stat Pearls.

Note: This article was presented in the Week 1 resources. If you read it previously you are encouraged to review it this week.

Case Study Analysis

The client is a 42yo male who reports pain, swelling, and redness on his right calf. He cut his leg with trimmer that slipped. He the cleaned with wound with garden hose’s water. He then used a Band-Aid to wrap the wound. The client reports fever (100.6˚ F) and chills. The symptoms developed several days later. He also noted his leg was red and swollen, resulting in an emergency department visit. This analysis paper explains the reason for the patient’s presented symptoms, genes contributing to disease development, and the immunosuppression process and its effect on body systems. The Biologic Basis For Disease Essay Assignment Paper

The patient presents symptoms, including redness, pain, swelling on the affected calf, and fever and chills associated with an infection. Studies show that invasion of the body by disease-causing microorganisms such as viruses or bacteria results in high fever (Parija, 2023). Pathogens entered the client’s body after cutting himself with an infected trimmer. Additionally, washing the wound with contaminated water from the garden hose and wrapping the wound with an infected bandage allowed pathogens to enter his body. Consequently, the body’s immune system responds by sending increasing white blood cells to the wound to destroy pathogens (McCance & Huether, 2019). This process increased inflammatory markers, causing reported symptoms, including redness, pain, and swelling. The Biologic Basis For Disease Essay Assignment Paper

Genetics significantly contribute to disease development and the wound-healing process. Tipton et al. (2020) reported that host genetics influence microbiomes’ composition. Genetics influences the colonization of particular species in the host’s body (Tipton et al., 2020). Therefore, genetically-regulated physiologies differ in various body sites. In this case, the client’s genes influenced the development of infection at the wound site and associated symptoms. Additionally, his genes impacted regeneration, protease inhibition, matrix production, epidermal function, and wound recalcitrance. The genetic loci involved in the wound closure process depend on traits in an individual’s chromosomes, including 12, 8, and 15. Additionally, two chromosome 13 locations influence cut closure and wound healing. On the other hand, chromosome 7 is responsible for the genetic regulation of wound healing process. Thus, the client’s chromosomes’ composition contributes to the wound healing. The Biologic Basis For Disease Essay Assignment Paper

A reduction in immune system activation characterizes the immunosuppression process. It results from the body’s adverse reaction to treating a particular condition, such as cancer (Huaux, 2018). Immunosuppression also results from pre-existing illnesses such as HIV/AIDs. Immunosuppressants weaken the body’s immune system, exposing individuals to bacterial, viral, and fungal infections (Huaux, 2018). Additionally, persistent immunosuppression increases the risk of developing cancer. The risk of virus-related cancers is significantly high in persons infected with an oncogenic virus upon becoming immunosuppressed. In this case, the immunosuppression process might have increased the client’s risk of developing an infection following the cut due to the inability to fight disease-causing pathogens.

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Overall, the client developed an infection after cutting himself with a trimmer. Infection is characterized by redness, pain, and swelling in the affected calf. These symptoms are associated with the body’s response to the pathogens. The client’s genetics influenced the development of the infection and wound healing. Lastly, immunosuppressants might have weakened the client’s immune system, increasing the risk of infections. The Biologic Basis For Disease Essay Assignment Paper

References

Huaux, F. (2018). The emerging role of immunosuppression in diseases induced by micro-and nano-particles: time to revisit the exclusive inflammatory scenario. Frontiers in immunology, 9, 2364.

McCance, K. L. & Huether, S. E. (2019). Pathophysiology: The biologic basis for disease in adults and children (8th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Mosby/Elsevier.

Parija, S. C. (2023). Microbial Infections. In Textbook of Microbiology and Immunology (pp. 73-90). Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore.

Tipton, C. D., Wolcott, R. D., Sanford, N. E., Miller, C., Pathak, G., Silzer, T. K., … & Phillips, C. D. (2020). Patient genetics is linked to chronic wound microbiome composition and healing. PLoS pathogens, 16(6), e1008511. The Biologic Basis For Disease Essay Assignment Paper