The Christian Perspective, Scientism, and the Theism Worldview.

My belief is Christian and my world view is theism. Please include in text citations and reference using APA 6th edition for all three questions. For question no.1 (250-300 words)referencing the book. For question no.2 (250-300 words)using the book and Scientism article. For question no.3 (750-1000 words) answer each worldview questions. I will upload the instruction paper, the rubric, the book and Scientism article. please feel to contact anytime for any questions.The Christian Perspective, Scientism, and the Theism Worldview.

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The Christian Perspective, Scientism, and the Theism Worldview

A worldview could be described as the point of view or standpoint from where one perceives experiences and events in the world and around them. It is the way one interprets reality from their point of view. A person’s worldview is inclusive of their subconcious thoughts and assumptions about what they see and the experiences they have. It is therefore from a person’s worldview that a person draws the yardstick for measuring what is ethical and moral from their daily experiences. Personal worldviews can either be religious (like the Christian worldview) or nonreligious.The Christian Perspective, Scientism, and the Theism Worldview. Both of them can however be put into three classes of worldview – theism, pantheism, and atheism. Atheism is a worldview that is defined by the lack of belief in a supernatural being or God, while pantheism as a worldview is defined by the conviction that God exists but is one with nature. In other words, pantheists believe that God is nature and is in a continuous state of change or flux characterized by unpredictability. Pantheism is not consistent with Christian biblical philosophy and teachings. Lastly, theism is a worldview in which the belief in the existence of a complete, omniscient, omnipotent, omnipresent and provident deity reigns. The Christian worldview is an example of theism, as is Islam and Judaism (Bogue & Hogan, n.d.). This paper discusses the Christian worldview in healthcare as contrasted with postmodern relativism, scientism and the two major arguments against it, and a reflection based on the author’s personal worldview.The Christian Perspective, Scientism, and the Theism Worldview.

The Christian perspective of the Nature of Spirituality and Ethics vs Postmodern Relativism in Healthcare

The Christian perspective in healthcare is underpinned by faith in an all-powerful God to whom all human beings are accountable. This is the God who is responsible for healing, even though healthcare workers treat. The perspective states that spirituality is a fundamental part of health and wellness and that spirituality can be harnessed at times of illness to bring about healing based on faith. Christian perspective takes the view that God is in control of everything in the universe, including life and death of all living things. He can give life but it is only him who can also take life or allow life to end according to his plan. For this reason, he is capable of making an illness disappear through spirituality. The significance of this for nurses in healthcare is that the nurse must be aware of the power of spirituality as they take holistic care of their patients.            Transcultural nursing as proposed by the nurse theorist Madeleine Leininger requires as a precondition that nurses be culturally competent and aware of the power of a patient’s spirituality in bringing about healing. The Christian perspective also prescribes to all those nurses who subscribe to the Christian worldview the need to always do good and to avoid doing harm to all (beneficence and nonmaleficence).The Christian Perspective, Scientism, and the Theism Worldview.

According to Duignan (2020), postmodern relativism is underpinned by a denial of the presence of objective truth. It is a philosophical viewpoint that denies the tangibility of anything in the universe. According to it, there is nothing that can be referred to with certainty. Nothing is certain, including medical therapies and nursing interventions. When examined closely, postmodern relativism actually goes directly against the current bedrock of healthcare practice – evidence-based practice or EBP. For if nothing is certain then certainly EBP is also not certain as per postmodern relativism.

Scientism and the Two Major Arguments Disputing It

From the outset, it is important to appreciate that scientism is not the synonymous with science. Science is an established way of generating knowledge that can be objectively replicated, such as in medical and nursing science. Scientism, on the other hand, is a way of thinking or viewpoint that states that only scientism can generate any knowledge with all the other ways of bringing forth knowledge being useless. This standpoint suggests that if a particular finding is not based on science, then it is not true (Burnett, n.d.). This thinking may seem to align itself well with evidence-based practice in nursing and medicine, but the argument is in itself erroneous and fallacious from the outset. In a nutshell, scientism is a belief based on a logical fallacy. This is because it suggests that if any piece of information is not based on science then it is not true. Of course this statement is not true in itself, for there are many existential realities that have never been and still cannot be explained by science.The Christian Perspective, Scientism, and the Theism Worldview.

The first argument against scientism is that it is in itself a self-refuting philosophy. This is because if it is true indeed that the only way knowledge can be generated is through science, then scientism cannot exist because it cannot itself be proven by science. What is the science behind scientism? Can the thinking in scientism be validated by science? The answer is that there is no science behind scientism and no scientific methodology can prove the argument in scientism. The second argument is that science has limits in its ability to explain natural phenomena. For instance, science cannot explain to a person whether it is better to use nuclear technology to make a bomb or to produce energy – evil versus good (Crosby, 2014).

Personal Perspective and Worldview

My personal worldview is theism. Specifically, I subscribe to the Christian worldview in my theist orientation. It is this worldview that then informs my perception of reality in the world and my explanation of events surrounding me and my existence. That said, I would answer the following questions as follows:The Christian Perspective, Scientism, and the Theism Worldview.

1. What is ultimate reality?

According to my worldview, ultimate reality is what is objective in the eyes of many. It is what will remain the same regardless of how it is viewed by persons holding different worldviews. From a Christian perspective, therefore, the existence of God is an ultimate reality. God will not cease to exist, for instance, just because atheists believe or want to believe that he does not exist. Another ultimate reality is the dichotomy of birth and death. Regardless of what worldview one holds, the reality of being born and dying is an ultimate truth. It does not matter what one believes in; once one is born they are sure that they will one day die.The Christian Perspective, Scientism, and the Theism Worldview.

1. What is the nature of the universe?

The nature of the universe is unfathomable and beyond human comprehension. From my personal perspective and worldview, only God understands the nature of the universe. The universe is immense and has no beginning and end. It is continuously changing and has not remained the same since the time of creation by God. But the universe is also self-generating and self-preserving. Every part of it works as it was intended by God and functions in such a way that the universe does not self-destruct.The Christian Perspective, Scientism, and the Theism Worldview.

• What is a human being?

A human being is the best of all of God’s creations. The human being is the custodian of the Earth as we know it. He is intelligent and understands his surroundings. He can make use of the resources available to him by manipulating them. He has free will and can discern what is good from what is bad, unlike the other animals on Earth. Even though he is able to manipulate the resources on Earth and to some extent some others outside the Earth (like on the moon), he is not able to manipulate the universe. For instance, the human being has no capacity to stop day from becoming night and vice versa. The human being is therefore a limited being at the mercy of God who is the creator of the universe.The Christian Perspective, Scientism, and the Theism Worldview.

1. What is knowledge?

The concept of knowledge is an abstract one. Knowledge is the cumulative repertoire of information about various things and events that the human being experiences as they spend more and more time on Earth. As it is, the human being has an inexhaustive capacity to retain knowledge. What is a mystery is the exact nature of knowledge, since it cannot be classified as matter in scientific terms (hence scientism cannot account for the nature of knowledge). Another mystery is the place where knowledge is stored in the human body. Since it is abstract, it cannot be explained by pointing out where it actually is in the neurocircuitry of the brain. According to me, therefore, knowledge is the currency through which the human being solves his problems.The Christian Perspective, Scientism, and the Theism Worldview.

1. What is your basis of ethics?

My basis of ethics is the biblical teachings of the Christian perspective. Specifically, it draws from the greatest commandment of them all – loving one’s ‘neighbor’ as one loves themselves. My neighbor is anybody who requires my help. For a nurse, the patient is their neighbor. This is not just because they are responsible for them professionally, but also because they are morally and ethically obliged to treat them well. From the greatest commandment above, it follows that one must treat their ‘neighbor’ well by dong good to them (beneficence). They must also not do harm to them (nonmaleficence) and must always treat them equitably (justice). The Christian Perspective, Scientism, and the Theism Worldview.

1. What is the purpose of your existence?

The purpose of my existence is to leave the world a better place than the way I found it. I need to be an agent of change that serves as an example to other human beings who are in a position to help. My mission is to reduce human suffering and bring joy to the world by treating and taking care of the sick. I intend to do this not because I have the power to heal, but because I am just an instrument that God may use to provide healing to all those who are sick and who pass through my hands. I also purpose to let those I help know that the only one who is omnipotent and who has the capacity to heal them is God.The Christian Perspective, Scientism, and the Theism Worldview.

Conclusion

A worldview is a person’s perspective of how they see the world and interpret their experiences. It is the lens through which they see and perceive events in the world. Atheism, theism, and pantheism are the three broad classes of worldviews. Scientism as a non-theist worldview takes the view that only science can be the source of knowledge, while the denialist postmodern relativism fosters no belief in objective reality. From my personal perspective, I believe that I am here on Earth to be an agent of change by helping people.The Christian Perspective, Scientism, and the Theism Worldview.